chapter 1 lecture 2

Question 1

Any science including psychology stems from 2 key beliefs

Answer 1

1) Empiricism – knowledge must come from experience and observation
2) Determinism – all events are controlled by natural laws of cause and effect (ie genes, society raised in, other factors that control psychology)

Question 2

1) Empiricism

Answer 2

knowledge must come from experience and observation

Question 3

knowledge must come from experience and observation

Answer 3

1) Empiricism

Question 4

2) Determinism

Answer 4

all events are controlled by natural laws of cause and effect (ie genes, society raised in, other factors that control psychology)

Question 5

all events are controlled by natural laws of cause and effect (ie genes, society raised in, other factors that control psychology)

Answer 5

2) Determinism

Question 6

Materialism:

Answer 6

the idea that the universe consists of only physical matter (including humans) and all events that occur in the universe are caused by natural forces (including human behaviour)
-people became more comforatable studying psychology as a science by blending them with biology and physics

Question 7

the idea that the universe consists of only physical matter (including humans) and all events that occur in the universe are caused by natural forces (including human behaviour)
-people became more comforatable studying psychology as a science by blending them with biology and physics

Answer 7

Materialism:

Question 8

Gustav Fechner

Answer 8

founded the field of pyscho physics when he wrote a book about it in 1860

Question 9

founded the field of pyscho physics when he wrote a book about it in 1860

Answer 9

Gustav Fechner

Question 10

Charles Darwin

Answer 10

– theory of evolution by natural selection opened the door for humans to be the objects of science

Question 11

– theory of evolution by natural selection opened the door for humans to be the objects of science

Answer 11

Charles Darwin

Question 12

Francis gall and johann spurzheim

Answer 12

founders of phrenology

Question 13

Sigmund freud

Answer 13

founder of psychoanalysis – connect psychological problems to unconscious
—- relies on various methods including hypnosis and dream interpretation to reveal the unconscious basis of mental illness

Question 14

founder of psychoanalysis – connect psychological problems to unconscious
—- relies on various methods including hypnosis and dream interpretation to reveal the unconscious basis of mental illness

Answer 14

Sigmund freud

Question 15

Wilhelm wundt

Answer 15

father of experimental psychology – research relied on the technique of introspection (thinking about and describing ones own experience)

Question 16

father of experimental psychology – research relied on the technique of introspection (thinking about and describing ones own experience)

Answer 16

Wilhelm wundt

Question 17

Edward Titchener

Answer 17

brought wundts approach to north America and called it structuralismStructuralists focused on revealing the component parts of perception

Question 18

brought wundts approach to north America and called it structuralismStructuralists focused on revealing the component parts of perception

Answer 18

Edward Titchener

Question 19

William james

Answer 19

published the principles of psychology in 1890, inspired Darwin, developed an approach to psychology called functionalism

Question 20

published the principles of psychology in 1890, inspired Darwin, developed an approach to psychology called functionalism

Answer 20

William james

Question 21

Early 1900s, a new approach to psychology emerged that tried to stamp out both functionalism and structuralism

Answer 21

Behaviorism – proceeded to dominate psychology for decades

Question 22

Classical conditioning

Answer 22

ie pavlov (dogs salivate at bel

Question 23

John b Watson

Answer 23

founder of behaviourism – proposed all behaviour was learned

Question 24

founder of behaviourism – proposed all behaviour was learned

Answer 24

John b Watson

Question 25

B.F. Skinner

Answer 25

gave behaviourism a further jolt with his demonstrations of operant conditions in animals (pigeons and rats)

Question 26

gave behaviourism a further jolt with his demonstrations of operant conditions in animals (pigeons and rats)

Answer 26

B.F. Skinner

Question 27

Carl rogers

Answer 27

helped found humanistic psychology in direct opposition to the rigid approach to psychology developed by the behaviourists

Question 28

helped found humanistic psychology in direct opposition to the rigid approach to psychology developed by the behaviourists

Answer 28

Carl rogers

Question 29

Hermann Ebbinghous

Answer 29

developed technique on investigating human memory

Question 30

developed technique on investigating human memory

Answer 30

Hermann Ebbinghous

Question 31

sir Frederick Bartlett

Answer 31

precess of remembering that challenged behaviorist approach

Question 32

precess of remembering that challenged behaviorist approach

Answer 32

sir Frederick Bartlett

Question 33

Gestalt psychologists

Answer 33

first attacked structuralists for thinking that perception could be boiled down to a consideration of basic perceptual elements

Question 34

In 1968 Ulrich neissser

Answer 34

published a book called cognitive psychology helping kick off the cognitive revolution By the 1970s, a blend of cognitive psychology and neurology emerged called cognitive neuroscience Social and personality psychology came as a result of people in world wars Cross cultural psychology came from the role of culture on the psychology of individuals