Chapter 1: Introduction to the field of organisational behaviour

Question 1

organisational behaviour

Answer 1

study of what people think, feel and do in/ around organisations

Question 2

organisations

Answer 2

groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose

Question 3

organisational effectiveness

Answer 3

ideal state in which an organisation has a good fit with its external environment, effectively transforms inputs to outputs through human capital, and satisfies the needs of key stakeholders

Question 4

open system

Answer 4

view that organisations depend on the external environment for resources, affect that environment through their output, and consist of internal subsystems that transform inputs to outputs

Question 5

human capital

Answer 5

knowledge, skills, abilities, creative thinking and other valued resources that employees bring to the organisation

Question 6

stakeholders

Answer 6

individuals, groups, and other entities that affect/ are affected by the organisation’s objectives and actions

Question 7

values

Answer 7

relatively stable, evaluative beliefs that guide a person’s preferences for outcomes/ courses of action in a variety of situations

Question 8

corporate social responsibility (CSR)

Answer 8

organisational activities intended to benefit society and the environment beyond the firm’s immediate financial interests/ legal obligations

Question 9

evidence-based management

Answer 9

practice of making decisions and taking actions based on research evidence

Question 10

inclusive workplace

Answer 10

workplace that values people of all identities and allows them to be fully themselves while contributing to the organisation

Question 11

surface-level diversity

Answer 11

observable demographic/ physical differences in people, such as their race, ethnicity, gender, age, physical disabilities

Question 12

deep-level diversity

Answer 12

differences in the psychological characteristics of employees, including personalities, beliefs, values, and attitudes

Question 13

work-life integration

Answer 13

degree that people are effectively engaged in their various work and nonwork roles and have a low degree of role conflict across those life domains

Question 14

MARS model

Answer 14

model depicting the four variables- motivation, ability, role perception, and situational factors- that directly influence an individual’s voluntary behaviour and performance

Question 15

motivation

Answer 15

forces within a person that affect his/ her direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behaviour

Question 16

ability

Answer 16

natural aptitudes and learned capabilities required to successfully complete a task

Question 17

role perceptions

Answer 17

degree to which a person understands the job duties assigned to/ expected of him/ her

Question 18

task performance

Answer 18

individual’s voluntary goal-directed behaviours that contribute to organisational objectives

Question 19

organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs)

Answer 19

various forms of cooperation and helpfulness to others that support the organisation’s social and psychological context

Question 20

counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs)

Answer 20

voluntary behaviours that have the potential to directly/ indirectly harm the organisation