Chapter 1: Homeostasis

Question 1

Physiology VS Anatomy

Answer 1

Physiology: Study of Functions
- Why -> Teological
- How -> Mechanical
Anatomy: Study of Body Structure

Question 2

What are the 4 Primary Tissues?

Answer 2

1. Nervous
2. Connective
3. Epithelial
4. Muscles

Question 3

Describe Nervous Tissues

Answer 3

1. CNS
   - includes the spinal chord and brain
2. PNS
   - 2 parts: from PNS to CNS and from CNS to PNS

Question 4

Describe connective tissues

Answer 4

1) blood
2) bones
3) Tendons
4) Loose
- fills spaces and repairs (eg adipose fat)

Question 5

Describe Epithelial Tissues

Answer 5

1) sheets that line the organs (eg skin)
2) glands
- exocrine (eg sweat)
- endocrine (eg hormones)

Question 6

Describe muscle tissue

Answer 6

3 types
1. Skeletal
2. Cardiac
3. Smooth

Question 7

What are the 11 organ systems

Answer 7

1. Circulatory
2. Respiratory
3. Urinary
4. Skeletal
5. Digestive
6. Muscular
7. Integumentary
8. Immune
9. Nervous
10. Endocrine
11. Reproductive

Question 8

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 8

Carry material around the body

Question 9

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 9

• Break down food
• transfer water and electrolytes
• eliminate undigested food

Question 10

What Is the function of the respiratory system?

Answer 10

• inhale oxygen
• exhale carbon dioxide
• maintain proper pH

Question 11

What is the function of the urinary system?

Answer 11

• remove H2O, salt, acid, and other plasma wastes

Question 12

What is the function of the skeletal system?

Answer 12

• supports
• storage
• movement
  bone marrow is the source of all blood cells

Question 13

What is the function of the muscular system?

Answer 13

Moves bones

Question 14

What is the function of the integumentary system?

Answer 14

• protective barrier
• regulates body temperature

Question 15

What is the function of the immune system?

Answer 15

• Protection
• repairs and replaces injured or worn out cells

Question 16

What Is the function of the nervous system?

Answer 16

• coordinates bodily activities
• detects and initiates reactions

Question 17

What Is the function of the endocrine system?

Answer 17

• regulates activities that require duration

Question 18

What is the function of the reproductive system?

Answer 18

• essential for perpetuating the species
• Not essential for homeostasis

Question 19

What is homeostasis?

Answer 19

Homeostasis is A state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to function/survive (the body in a stable form)

Question 20

Describe body fluids in relation to homeostasis

Answer 20

2 types:
1) Intracellular Fluid (ICF)
2) Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
- Interstitial Fluid (ISF) which is in between cells
- plasma which is blood minus WBCs and RBCs

Question 21

Describe Controls in relation to Homeostasis

Answer 21

2 types:
1. Intrinsic (built in)
- self serving because they are innate
2. Extrinsic
- collaborative because they are outside

Question 22

Describe Mechanisms in relation to homeostasis

Answer 22

2 Types
1. Feedforward (anticipation of a change)
- eg smell food -> saliva -> hungry
2. feed back
a) positive (reinforces)
- eg childbirth
b) negative (reverses)
- effector -> muscles
- control centre -> brain (hypothalamus)
- nerve cells -> nerve cells