Chapter 1: History and Trends in Counselling (NONE)

Question 1

Define: guidance

Answer 1

the process of helping people make important choices that affect their lives by identifying choices, helps people gain a better understanding of themselves and their world

Question 2

Difference between counselling and guidance:

Answer 2

counselling is more encompassing, guidance helps people choose what they value most, whereas counselling helps people make changes

Question 3

Define: psychotherapy

Answer 3

focuses on serious problems associated with the internal, personal issues and conflicts of the client, usually a long term relationship focused on reconstructive change

Question 4

Difference between counselling and psychotherapy:

Answer 4

has blurred in modern times

Question 5

The four areas of emphasis in psychotherapy:

Answer 5

1. Past over present
2. Insight over change
3. Therapist as detached
4. Therapist as expert

Question 6

Define: counselling (CCPA)

Answer 6

the skilled and principled use of relationship to facilitate self-knowledge, emotional acceptance and growth, and the optimal development of personal resources, helps people live more successful and satisfying lives

Question 7

5 central issues that counsellors help solve:

Answer 7

1. Development issues
2. Specific problems
3. Coping with a crisis situation
4. Improving relationships with others
5. Overcoming inner conflicts

Question 8

What are pressing issues related to Violence, Trauma, & Crisis that affect Canadian counsellors?

Answer 8

• prevalence of critical incidences that lead to PTSD, suicide, ex. school shootings
• prevalence of bullying: Canada outranks most countries in the prevalence of bullying, approx 45% of students knew someone who was physically assaulted at school, and experienced harassment or victimization at school or outside of school

Question 9

Define: social justice

Answer 9

a fundamental valuing of fairness and equity in resources, rights, and treatment for marginalized individuals and groups of people who don’t share the power in society

Question 10

Qualities of an Effective Advocate:

Answer 10

• committed
  
  • appreciative of human suffering
  • non-verbal and verbal communication skills
  • intervention skills
  • knowledge of media, tech, and internet
  • assessment and research skills

Question 11

Define: wellness

Answer 11

a way of life oriented toward optimal health and well being, in which body, mind, and spirit are integrated by the individual to live more fully within the human and natural community, a holistic approach

Question 12

5 life tasks that promote wellness (Myers):

Answer 12

1. Spirituality
2. Self-direction
3. Work/leisure
4. Friendship
5. Love

Question 13

Major elements of the social justice approach to counselling:

Answer 13

• helping clients identify and challenge environmental limits to their success
  
  • challenging systematic forms of oppression through social action
  • liberating clients from oppressive social practices

Question 14

Clients who would be well-served through the use of online counselling are:

Answer 14

1. geographically isolated
2. physically disabled
3. the type that would not usually seek counselling
4. more prone to writing

Question 15

3 ways to get involved in social justice:

Answer 15

1. advocacy for clients and the counselling profession
2. community outreach
3. public-policy making

Question 16

7 ethical and legal risks of incorporating tech into the counselling profession:

Answer 16

• Confidentiality
• Handling crisis situations
• Lack of non-verbal communication
• Jurisdictional Issues
• Lack of outcome research on effectiveness of online counselling services
• Technology Failures
• Limitations to Relationship Building