Chapter 1- History And Approaches

Question 1

Evolutionary perspectives

Answer 1

Examines thoughts and behavior in terms of natural selection and passing down traits through generations

Question 2

Positive psychology

Answer 2

The study of human strengths, virtues, and effective functioning

Question 3

Clinical psychologist

Answer 3

Specializes in the diagnosis, causes, and treatment of psychological and behavioral disorders

Question 4

Counseling psychologist

Answer 4

Specializes in the treatment of milder emotional and behavioral disturbances; concerned with the “normal” problems of adjustment

Question 5

Psychiatrist

Answer 5

Medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders; Can prescribe medications

Question 6

Psychiatric social worker

Answer 6

Mental health professional trained to apply social science principles to help patients in clinics and hospitals

Question 7

Developmental psychology

Answer 7

Study of human mental and physical growth from the parental period through childhood adolescence, adulthood and old age

Question 8

Physiological psychology

Answer 8

Investigate the biological basis of human behavior, thoughts, and emotions; researches the brain, nervous system and other physical origins of behavior

Question 9

Experimental psychology

Answer 9

Scientific study of human and animal behavior (research)

Question 10

Personality psychology

Answer 10

Study of individual differences and traits

Question 11

Clinical and counseling

Answer 11

Treat patients with mild to severe emotional and behavioral disturbances; conducts research on the causes of behavior and the effectiveness of treatments

Question 12

Humanistic perspectives

Answer 12

Focuses on human experience, problems, potentials/ ideals ; emphasizes self- esteem

Question 13

Psychodynamic perspectives

Answer 13

Theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives and unconcious forces

Question 14

Biological perspectives

Answer 14

Human and animal behavior is the result of internal physical, chemical, and biological processes

Question 15

Behavioral perspectives

Answer 15

Explains human thought and behavior in terms of conditioning; emphasizes overt, observable behavior

Question 16

Cognitive perspectives

Answer 16

Studies human thinking and information processing abilities

Question 17

Sociocultural perspectives

Answer 17

The focus on the importance of social and cultural contexts in influencing the behavior of individuals