Chapter 1: Histology and Its Methods of Study

Question 1

define microtome

Answer 1

instrument to cut very small tissue sections

Question 2

define fixation

Answer 2

placing a tissue in a solution that preserves the sample

Question 3

define basophilic

Answer 3

to have affinity for basic components

Question 4

define eosinophilic

Answer 4

cells appearance that take up the eosin dye

Question 5

hematozylin & eosin (H&E)

Answer 5

combination of stains used to prepare tissue samples

Question 6

define immunochemistry

Answer 6

histochemistry technique that uses antibodies to detect specific proteins

Question 7

define antibody

Answer 7

immunoglobulin family that binds to antigens to eliminate them

Question 8

what is histology?

Answer 8

the study of tissues

Question 9

in what disciplines is histology relevant?

Answer 9

• research
• pathological examination
• medical diagnosis

Question 10

list the steps in preparing a sample for LM

Answer 10

1. fixation
2. dehydration
3. clearing
4. infiltration
5. embedding
6. trimming

Question 11

describe the fixation step

Answer 11

placing tissue in a solution that cross-links proteins and deactivates enzymes preserving the sample

Question 12

describe the dehydration step

Answer 12

transferring tissue through varying concentrations of alcohol to remove all water

Question 13

describe the clearing step

Answer 13

using organic solvents to remove all residing alcohol

Question 14

describe infiltration step

Answer 14

infiltrating sample with paraffin wax

Question 15

describe the embedding step

Answer 15

placing sample in a mold w/ melted paraffin

Question 16

describe the trimming step

Answer 16

trimming the hardened paraffin block to expose the tissue for sectioning

Question 17

what is the maximum magnification and resolution of LM?

Answer 17

1000x
0.2 micrometers

Question 18

what is the use of LM?

Answer 18

uses light w/ tissue components to reveal and study tissues

Question 19

what is the maximum magnification and resolution of TEM?

Answer 19

120,000x
0.1-3 nm

Question 20

what is the use of TEM?

Answer 20

shows detailed structures of cellular organelles

Question 21

what is the maximum magnification and resolution of SEM

Answer 21

1,000,000x
0.5 nm

Question 22

what is the use of SEM?

Answer 22

to view cellular surfaces in 3D