Chapter 1: Evolution of Psychology Flashcards
What is Psychology?
The scientific study of mind and behavior.
Philosophical Dualism:
Who created it?
The view that mind and body are fundamentally different.
René Descartes
Philosophical Materialism:
Who created it?
The view that all mental phenomena are reducible to physical phenomena. This rejects dualism.
Created by Thomas Hobbes.
Philosophical Realism:
Who created it?
Perceptions of the physical world are produced entirely by information from the sensory organs. Our eyes are a camera, we see the pictures.
John Locke.
Philosophical Idealism:
Who created it?
Perceptions of the physical world are the brain’s interpretation of information from the sensory organs.
Immanuel Kant.
Philosophical Empiricism:
Studied by?
All knowledge is acquired through experience: Tabula Rasa.
John Locke.
Philosophical Nativism:
Studied by?
Some knowledge is innate rather than acquired.
Immanuel Kant.
Structuralism:
Who created it?
Approach to psychology that attempted to isolate and analyze the mind’s basic elements.
Wilhelm Wundt
Reaction Time:
Who discovered it?
Amount of time between the onset of a stimulus and a person’s response to that stimulus.
Hermann Von Helmholtz.
Introspection:
Who uses it?
Analysis of subjective experience by trained observers.
Structuralists.
Functionalism:
Who created it?
What inspired it?
approach to psychology that emphasized the adaptive significance of mental processes.
William James.
Charles Darwin and his definition of natural selection.
Hysteria:
Who coined it?
A loss of function hast has no obvious physical origin.
Charcot and Janet.
Unconscious:
Who coined it?
The part of the mind that contains information of which people are not aware.
Sigmund Freud.
Psychoanalytic theory:
Who created it?
a general theory that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious on feelings, thoughts, and behaviors.
Sigmund Freud.
Psychoanalysis:
Who created it?
A therapy that aims to give people insight into the contents of their unconsciousness minds.
Freud.
