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AEMT > Chapter 1: EMS Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 1: EMS Systems Flashcards

1
Q

How does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) apply to employment as an AEMT?

A

Title 1 of ADA protects AEMTs with disabilities by requiring employers, with 15+ employees, to adjust processes so a candidate with a disability can be considered for the position and when possible, modify the work environment or how the job is normally performed.

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2
Q

What does the acronym mean?

ADA

A

Americans with Disabilities Act

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3
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

An individual who has training in specific areas of advanced life support, such as intravenous therapy, the administration of certain emergency medications, and use of certain advanced airway adjuncts.

A

Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT)

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4
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Advanced lifesaving procedures used to treat medical conditions, such as cardiac monitoring, administration of intravenous fluids and medications, and the use of advanced airway adjuncts.

A

Advanced Life Support (ALS)

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5
Q

What does the acronym mean?

AEMT

A

Advanced Emergency Medical Technician

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6
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Comprehensive legislation designed to protect people with disabilities against discrimination.

A

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

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7
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Device that detects treatable life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia) and delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient.

A

Automated External Device (AED)

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8
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards for providing safe and ethical care.

A

Certification

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9
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A health care model in which experienced paramedics receive advanced training to equip them to provide additional services in the prehospital environment, such as health evaluations, monitoring of chronic illnesses or conditions, and patient advocacy.

A

Community Paramedicine

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10
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system aiming at improving outcomes.

A

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

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11
Q

What does the acronym mean?

CQI

A

Continuous Quality Improvement

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12
Q

What are the components of the CQI Model for Improvement?

A

​

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13
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

An established process to determine the qualifications necessary to be allowed to practice a particular profession, or to function as an organization.

A

Credentialing

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14
Q

What does the acronym mean?

EBM

A

Evidence-Based Medicine

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15
Q

What does the acronym mean?

EMD

A

Emergency Medical Dispatch

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16
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A system that assists dispatchers in selecting appropriate units to respond to particular calls for assistance and provides callers with vital instructions until the arrival of EMS crews.

A

Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD)

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17
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A first trained professional, such as a police officer, firefighter, lifeguard, or other rescuer, who may arrive first at a scene of an emergency to provide initial medical assistance.

A

Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

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18
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A multidisciplinary system that represents the combined efforts of several professionals and agencies to provide prehospital emergency care to the sick and injured.

A

Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

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19
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

An individual who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications.

A

Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT)

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20
Q

What does the acronym mean?

EMR

A

Emergency Medical Responder

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21
Q

What does the acronym mean?

EMS

A

Emergency Medical Services

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22
Q

List the EMS Agenda 2050 components of an EMS system.

A

​A people-centered EMS system that includes the following:

  • Comprehensive, quality, convenient care
  • Evidence-based clinical care
  • Efficient, well-rounded care
  • Preventive care
  • Comprehensive and easily accessible patient records
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23
Q

What role does an AEMT play in disease and injury prevention and public education in the community?

A

AEMTs can aid in primary prevention efforts by becoming involved in programs that educate the community (i.e. First Aid / CPR classes). Information from patient care reports (PCR) can provide valuable statistical informaiton that can lead to change in laws, protcols, etc (secondary prevention).

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24
Q

What does the acronym mean?

EMT

A

Emergency Medical Technician

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25
Q

List the professional attributes an AEMT should posess.

A
  • Integrity
  • Empathy
  • Self-motivation
  • Appearance and Hygiene
  • Self-Confidence
  • Time Management
  • Communications
  • Teamwork / Diplomacy
  • Respect
  • Patient Advocacy
  • Careful Delivery of Care
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26
Q

What criteria must be met to be a licensed AEMT?

A
  • High school diploma or equivalent
  • Proof of immunizations against certain communicable diseases
  • Successful completion of a background check and drug screening
  • Valid driver’s license
  • Successful completion of a recognized healthcare provider basic life support (BLS) / cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) course
  • Successful completion of a state-approved AEMT course
  • Successful completion of a state-recognized written certification examination (usually NREMT)
  • Successful completion of a state-recognized practical certification examination
  • Demonstration that you can meet the psychological and physical criteria necessary to perform safely and properly all the tasks and functions described in the defined role of an AEMT
  • Compliance with other state, local, and employer provisions
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27
Q

List the roles and responsibilities of the AEMT.

A
  • Keep vehicles and equipment ready for an emergency.
  • Ensure the safety of yourself, your partner, bystanders, and the patient.
  • Operate the emergency vehicle.
  • Be an on-scene leader.
  • Evaluate the scene.
  • Call for additional resources as needed.
  • Gain patient access.
  • Perform a patient assessment.
  • Give emergency medical care to the patient while awaiting the arrival of additional medical resources.
  • Properly and safely move patients.
  • Give emotional support to the patient, the patient’s family, and other responders.
  • Maintain continuity of care by working with other medical professionals.
  • Resolve emergency incidents.
  • Uphold medical and legal standards.
  • Ensure and protect patient privacy.
  • Give administrative support.
  • Constantly continue your professional development.
  • Cultivate and sustain community relations.
  • Give back to the profession.
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28
Q

What are the four licensure levels in emergency medical care?

A

In order of lowest to highest scope of practice and education:

  1. Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)
  2. Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)
  3. Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT)
  4. Paramedic
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29
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Federal legislation passed in 1996 effecting EMS in limiting availability of patients’ health care information and penalizing violations of patient privacy.

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

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30
Q

What are the hierarchies of the National EMS Scope of Practice Model?

A
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31
Q

What does the acronym mean?

HIPAA

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

32
Q

How has the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) impacted patient privacy?

A

HIPPA has created an atmosphere of accountability among healthcare providers and EMS professionals, who are required to keep patient information confidential. Finding or any disclosures made by the patient should not be discussed with anyone other than those treating the patient or in limited situations, as required by law, the police, or other social agencies.

33
Q

How many hours of educational training do each of the licensure levels require?

A
  • EMR: 50-80 hours
  • EMT: 150-200 hours
  • AEMT: 200-400 hours
  • Paramedic: 1,000-2,000 hours
34
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

The delivery of medication directly into the vein.

A

Intravenous (IV) Therapy

35
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

The process whereby a competent authority, usually the state, allows people to perform a regulated act.

A

Licensure

36
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Physician instructions given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (offline/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program.

A

Medical Control

37
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

The physician who authorizes or delegates to the AEMT the authority to provide medical care in the field.

A

Medical Director

38
Q

What does the acronym mean?

MIH

A

Mobile Integrated Health Care

39
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A method of delivering health care which involves providing health care within the community rather than at a physician’s office or hospital.

A

Mobile Integrated Healthcare (MIH)

40
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A document created by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that outlines the skills performed by various EMS providers.

A

National EMS Scope of Practice Model

41
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

An individual who has extensive training in advanced life support, including endotracheal intubation, emergency pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills.

A

Paramedic

42
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring.

A

Primary Prevention

43
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

The designated area in which the EMS agency is resposible for the provision of prehospital emergency care and transportation to the hospital.

A

Primary Service Area (PSA)

44
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

The branch of medicine that is focused on examining health needs of entire populations with the goal of preventing health problems.

A

Public Health

45
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

A call center, staffed by trained personnel who are responsible for managing requests for police, fire, and ambulance services.

A

Public Safety Access Point

46
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Oversight by the medical director to ensure the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMTs on each call.

A

Quality Control

47
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

Efforts to limit the effects of an injury or illness that cannot be completely prevented.

A

Secondary Prevention

48
Q

What phrase or word matches this definition?

The recognition by one state of another state’s licensure, allowing a health care professional from another state to practice in the new state.

A

Reciprocity

49
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred during WWI?

A

Volunteer ambulances and personnel went overseas to provide care for the wounded.

50
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred during WWII?

A

Military trained special corpsman to provide care in the field and bring casualties to aid stations staffed by nurses and physicians.

51
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred during the Korean Conflict?

A

Utilized field medics and rapid helicopter evacuation to nearby Mobile Army Surgical Hospital units.

52
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred during prior to 1970 in domestic emergency care?

A

Emergency ambulance service and care varied widely across the United States.

In most cases, emergency vehicles were staffed with a driver and an attendant who had some basic first aid training.

53
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS marked the origins of modern EMS?

A

1966 with the publication of Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society (known more commonly as The White Paper), which revealed the serious inadequacy of prehospital emergency care and transportation in many areas.

Congress mandated two federal agencies to create funding sources and programs to develop improved systems of prehospital emergency care:

  • The NHTSA of the DOT, through the Highway Safety Act of 1966
  • The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now known as the Department of Health and Human Services), through the Emergency Medical Services Development Act of 1973
54
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred in the 1970s?

A

DOT published first EMT training curriculum.

1971: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons prepared and published the first EMT textbook—Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured

Each state developed legislation, and the EMS system expanded throughout the United States.

Emergency medicine became a recognized medical specialty, and the fully staffed EDs became the accepted standard of care.

DOT developed a recommended National Standard Curriculum for the training of paramedics and identified a part of the course to serve as training for EMTs.

55
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred in the 1980s?

A

Advanced levels of training were introduced to provide key components of ALS care and advanced lifesaving procedures.

With the evolution in training and technology, the EMT and AEMT can now perform important advanced skills in the field that were formerly reserved for only the paramedic.

56
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred in the 1990s?

A

NHTSA created the EMS Agenda for the Future, a plan to standardize the levels of EMS education and EMS providers to ensure a more seamless delivery of EMS care across the country.

57
Q

What key milestone in the history of EMS occurred in 2019?

A

NHTSA revised the EMS Agenda for the Future and published EMS Agenda for 2050.

58
Q

List the 12 components of EMS system as outlined in the EMS Agenda for the Future.

A

Evaluation

Integration of Health Services

EMS Research

Legislation and Regulation

System Finance

Human Resources

Medical Direction

Education Systems

Public Education

Prevention

Public Access

Communication Systems

Clinical Care

Information Systems

59
Q

What are the three goals of the EMS Agenda for the Future.

A
  • Build bridges to strengthen partnerships and relationships with agencies, organizations, and individuals.
  • Create tools and resources to increase efficiency and standardize activities across widespread areas.
  • Develop infrastructure to increase the capacity of EMS.
60
Q

What six characteristics do the EMS Agenda 2050 guiding principles which to cultivate?

A
  • Inherently safe and effective, so the entire system from start to finish is designed to minimize exposure to injury, infections, illness, or stress.
  • Integrated and seamless, where EMS is fully integrated with all other aspects of health care and is engaged with other emergency services and within the communities in which they operate.
  • Reliable and prepared, ensuring EMS care is delivered consistently and compassionately and is guided by sound research at all times, by all EMS providers, at all levels, or from all agencies.
  • Socially equitable, so that access to care and the quality of care are not determined by a patient’s age, socioeconomic status, gender, ethnicity, or where they live.
  • Sustainable and efficient, meaning systems must be fiscally responsible, providing value to the community with a minimum of waste and a maximum of accountability.
  • Adaptable and innovative, evolving to meet the changing needs of the people whom they serve by continuously evaluating new tools and techniques, education programs, and system designs.
61
Q

What entity is responsible for authorizing, auditing, and regulating all emergency medical services, training institutions, courses, instructors, and providers within the state.

A

The state EMS office.

62
Q

What components are a part of the evaluation process?

A
  • Quality Control
  • Continuous Quality Improvement
  • Refresher Training / Continuing Education
  • Eliminating Human Error
  • Eliminating Environmental Error
  • Other Means of Eliminating Errors
63
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of evaluation?

A
  • Develop valid models for EMS evaluations
  • Evaluate EMS effects for multiple medical conditions
  • Determine EMS effects for multiple outcome categories
  • Determine EMS cost-effectiveness
  • Incorporate consumer input in evaluation processes
64
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of the integration of health services?

A
  • Expand the role of EMS in public health
  • Involve EMS in community health monitoring activities
  • Integrate EMS with other health care providers and provider networks
  • Incorporate EMS within health care networks’ structure to deliver quality care
  • Be cognizant of the special needs of the entire population
  • Incorporate health systems within EMS that address the special needs of all segments of the population
65
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of EMS research?

A
  • Allocate federal and state funds for a major EMS systems research thrust
  • Develop information systems that provide linkages between various public safety services and other health care providers
  • Develop academic institutional commitments to EMS-related research
  • Interpret informed consent rules to allow for clinical and environmental circumstances inherent in conducting credible EMS research
  • Develop involvement and/or support of EMS research by all those responsible for EMS structure, processes, and/or outcomes
  • Designate EMS as a physician subspecialty, and a subspecialty for other health professions
  • Include research-related objectives in the education processes of EMS providers and managers
  • Enhance the quality of published EMS research
  • Develop collaborative relationships among EMS systems, medical schools, other academic institutions, and private foundations
66
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of legislation and regulation?

A
  • Authorize and sufficiently fund a lead federal EMS agency
  • Pass and periodically review EMS-enabling legislation in all states that supports innovation and integration, and establishes and sufficiently funds an EMS lead agency
  • Enhance the abilities of state EMS lead agencies to provide technical assistance
  • Establish and fund the position of State EMS Medical Director in each state
  • Authorize state and local EMS lead agencies to act on the public’s behalf in cases of threats to the availability of quality EMS to the entire population
  • Implement laws that provide protection from liability for EMS field and medical direction personnel when dealing with unusual situations
67
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of system finance?

A
  • Collaborate with other health care providers and insurers to enhance patient care efficiency
  • Develop proactive financial relationships among EMS, other health care providers, and health care insurers/provider organizations
  • Compensate EMS on the basis of a preparedness-based model, reducing volume-related incentives and realizing the cost of an emergency safety net
  • Provide immediate access to EMS for emergency medical conditions
  • Address EMS-relevant issues within governmental health care finance policy
  • Commit local, state, and federal attention and funds to continued EMS infrastructure development
68
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of human resources?

A
  • Ensure that alterations in expectations of EMS personnel to provide health care services are preceded by adequate preparation
  • Adopt the principles of the national EMS Education and Practice Blueprint
  • Develop a system for reciprocity of EMS provider credentials
  • Develop collaborative relationships between EMS systems and academic institutions
  • Conduct EMS occupational health research
  • Provide a system for critical incident stress management
69
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of medical direction?

A
  • Formalize relationships between all EMS systems and medical directors
  • Appropriate sufficient resources for EMS medical direction
  • Require appropriate credentials for all those who provide online medical direction
  • Develop EMS as a physician and nurse subspecialty certification
  • Appoint state EMS medical directors
70
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of education systems?

A
  • Ensure adequacy of EMS education programs
  • Update education core content objectives frequently enough so that they reflect patient EMS health care needs
  • Incorporate research, quality improvement, and management learning objectives in higher level EMS education
  • Commission the development of national core contents to replace EMS program curricula
  • Conduct EMS education with medical direction
  • Seek accreditation for EMS education programs
  • Establish innovative and collaborative relationships between EMS education programs and academic institutions
  • Recognize EMS education as an academic achievement
  • Develop bridging and transition programs
  • Include EMS-related objectives in all health professions’ education
71
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of public education?

A
  • Acknowledge public education as a critical activity for EMS
  • Collaborate with other community resources and agencies to determine public education needs
  • Engage in continuous public education programs
  • Educate the public as consumers
  • Explore new techniques and technologies for implementing public education
  • Evaluate public education initiatives
72
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of prevention?

A
  • Collaborate with community agencies and health care providers with expertise and interest in illness and injury prevention
  • Support the Safe Communities concept
  • Advocate for legislation that potentially results in injury and illness prevention
  • Develop and maintain a prevention-oriented atmosphere within EMS systems
  • Include the principles of prevention and its role in improving community health as part of EMS education core contents
  • Improve the ability of EMS to document injury and illness circumstances
73
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of public access?

A
  • Implement 9-1-1 nationwide
  • Provide emergency telephone service for those who cannot otherwise afford routine telephone services
  • Ensure that all calls to a public safety access point (PSAP), regardless of their origins, are automatically accompanied by unique location-identifying information
  • Develop uniform cellular 9-1-1 service that reliably routes calls to the appropriate PSAP
  • Evaluate and employ technologies that attenuate potential barriers to EMS access
  • Enhance the ability of EMS systems to triage calls, and provide resource allocation that is tailored to patients’ needs
  • Collaborate with private interests to effect shared purchasing of communication technology
74
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of communication systems?

A
  • Assess the effectiveness of various personnel and resource attributes for EMS dispatching
  • Receive all calls for EMS using personnel with the requisite combination of education, experience, and resources to optimally query the caller, make determination of the most appropriate resources to be mobilized, and implement an effective course of action
  • Promulgate and update standards for EMS dispatching
  • Develop cooperative ventures between communications centers and health providers to integrate communications processes and enable rapid patient-related information exchange
  • Determine the benefits of real-time patient data transfer
  • Appropriate federal, state, and regional funds to further develop and update geographically integrated and functionally based EMS communications networks
  • Facilitate exploration of potential uses of advancing communications technology by EMS
75
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of clinical care?

A
  • Commit to a common definition of what constitutes baseline community EMS care
  • Subject EMS clinical care to ongoing evaluation to determine its impact on patient outcomes
  • Employ new care techniques and technology only after they are shown to be effective
  • Conduct task analyses to determine appropriate staff configurations during secondary patient transfers
  • Eliminate patient transport as a criterion for compensating EMS systems
  • Establish proactive relationships between EMS and other health care providers
76
Q

Answer as it pertains to the EMS Agenda for the Future.

What are the goals of information systems?

A
  • Adopt uniform data elements and definitions and incorporate them into information systems
  • Develop mechanisms to generate and transmit data that are valid, reliable, and accurate
  • Develop information systems that are able to describe an entire EMS event
  • Develop integrated information systems with other health care providers, public safety agencies, and community resources
  • Provide feedback to those who generate data
77
Q

Noninvasive emergency life-saving care used to treat medical conditions, including airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest.

A

Basic Life Support (BLS)

AEMT (15 decks)

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