Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biotechnology (Midterms) > Chapter 1 (common knowledge identification) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 (common knowledge identification) Flashcards

1
Q
  • the application or harnessing
    of science for a specific purpose
A

TECHNOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The most advanced and modernized branch of
biology

A

Biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

“Biotechnology” was used by ___
in (date)in his book called “______”

A

Karl Ereky;
1919;
Biotechnology of
Meat, Fat and Milk Production in an Agricultural Large-Scale
Farm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The direct manipulation of nature for the
benefit of mankind at the subcellular
molecular
levels.

A

biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Combination of both biological science
with engineering

A

biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

is defined as the industrial
use of recombinant DNA, cell diffusion and novel
bioprocessing
techniques

A

“new” biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

impacts of
Biotechnology on the human life (medicine): 3

A
  • Genetic engineering
  • Create new medicine
  • Improve human health
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

impacts of
Biotechnology on the human life (agriculture): 3

A
  • Food production
  • Improve crops
  • Environmental protection & preservation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

impacts of
Biotechnology on the human life (energy): 2

A
  • Waste generation
  • Decreasing water usage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

genetically modified tomato, was the first
commercially grown genetically engineered food to be granted a license for human consumption.

A

Flavr Savr (also known as CGN-89564-2; “flavor
saver”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flavr Savr was developed by the Californian company
___in the 1980s.

A

Calgene;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

became the first
country in the world to approve Golden Rice for
commercial propagation.

A

Philippines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

use as existing interventions to address
Vitamin Deficiency.

A

Golden Rice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

is a biological product which is
given to individuals to strengthen their
immune system towards the attacks of
bacteria and pathogens.

A

Vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

are subunit vaccines; selected genes are introduced into the
plants and the transgenic
plant is then
induced to manufacture the encoded
protein.

A

Edible vaccines/green vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

starter bacteria of most cheeses (3)

A

Lactococci;
Lactobacilli;
Streptococci families.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

STAGES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY (3)

A
  1. Ancient Biotechnology
  2. Classical Biotechnology
  3. Modern Biotechnology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what stage?
* Took place before the 1880s
* Humans learned to plant crops and domesticated animals for
food.

A

Ancient Biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  • (year)- started to use fermentation.
  • ____was considered the oldest microbe to be used for the
    benefit of mankind (bread, vinegar, alcoholic beverages)
  • ___were produced from crossbreeding male donkey and a
    female horse, used for transporting loads and farming.
A

9000 BC;
Yeast;
Mules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what stage?
* 1800s to the middle of the 20th century
* Pisum sativum- Gregor Mendel
* Fermentation promoted food production and medicine
* Mass production of different types of fermented beverages.

A

Classical Biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what stage?
- Genetic manipulation of organism

A

Modern Biotechnology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

____technique, which
makes unlimited copies of genes and gene fragments, is
conceived

A

polymerase chain reaction (PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the first recombinant vaccine is approved for human use:
___and the first anti cancer drug is produced through
biotech: ____

A

hepatitis B;
interferon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

____ was used to convict a crime
suspect in UK.

A

DNA fingerprinting

25
Q

, an
enzyme used in making hard cheese

A

chymosin

26
Q

an
international effort to map all of the genes in the human
genome.

A

Human Genome Project ,

27
Q

a sheep with
human genes for production of human therapeutic proteins in
her milk

A

(Tracey)

28
Q

first animal
cloned from an adult cell

A

Dolly the sheep

29
Q

stimulates production of Vit. A and prevent blindness.

A

golden rice

30
Q

first entire plant genome is sequenced,

A

Arabidopsis thaliana.

31
Q

first cloned pet

A

(a kitten, CopyCat or Cc

32
Q

a gene editing tool; discovered in bacteria,
operate like an immune system against invading viruses

meaning of CRISPR

A

CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)

33
Q

10 COLORS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

A

Green= Agriculture
Red=Medical
White=Industrial
Gold=Bioinformatics
Grey=Environment Protection
Blue=Marine (Aquatic)
Yellow=Food Nutritional
Violet=IPR, Ethics and Biosafety
Brown=Arid & Desert
Dark=Bioterrorism, Biological Weapons

34
Q

uses living cells and cell materials
to produce pharmaceutical and
diagnostic products that help treat
and prevent human diseases

A

Medical “Red” Biotechnology

35
Q

, treating diseases
by inserting genes into a patient
or replacing diseased genes with
normal genes

A

Gene therapy

36
Q

, using stem
cells to produce various organs
and tissues and the laboratory
and transplanting these to replace
damaged organs or tissues

A

Stem cell therapy

37
Q

– makes
use of living cells derived from sources such as
plants, bacteria, and yeasts, and creates
products that need less resources during their
production- produce less waste

A

Industrial “White” Biotechnology

38
Q

fastest-growing biotechnology field that uses
microorganisms in chemical production,
plastics, textiles, biofuels, cosmetics, paper,
textile, tanning, and food products

A

Industrial “White” Biotechnology

39
Q

finding ways to
produce stronger crops or creating
new biopesticides to reduce the
many chemicals used by farmers

A

Agricultural “Green” Technology

40
Q

, the use of plants as
sources of pharmaceutical products is an
application of agricultural biotechnology

A

Molecular pharming

41
Q

involves
the application of science and
engineering for the direct or indirect
use of aquatic organisms or parts or
products of living aquatic organisms
in their natural or modified forms

A

Blue Aquatic Biotechnology

42
Q

related to
using Biotechnological techniques for the
development of nutrition-rich products; Improvement of food products nourishing
quality increase and with health promoting
additives

A

yellow Nutritional biotechnology

43
Q

Management of deserts, arid lands, and dry and
saline soils for growing high-valued commercial
crops

A

BROWN BIOTECHNOLOGY

44
Q

includes intellectual property rights, laws, ethical
issues, biosafety, biosecurity, philosophic issues,
and legal issue

A

VIOLET BIOTECHNOLOGY

45
Q

started in 1980 when genetically modified
microorganisms (GMOs) first-time patent was
started.

A

VIOLET BIOTECHNOLOGY

46
Q

Biotechnological techniques in terrorism,
biological weapons, biowarfare, and
development of toxins that are harmful to
all types of living orga

A

DARK BIOTECHNOLOGY

47
Q
  • Mostadvancedformof Biotechnology
  • Deals with all the types of computational
    biology techniques (computer science, chip
    technology, nanobiotechnology
A

GOLD BIOTECHNOLOGY (Bioinformatics)

48
Q

related to environmental applications
and focuses on the solutions to
environmental problems.
* It includes bioremediation, waste
management, sewage treatments, etc.

A

Grey Environmental Biotechnology

49
Q

includes the dissemination of information of interest to the other branches; carried out both in the fields
of education and scientific dissemination with new advances in
biotechnologies

A

ORANGE BIOTECHNOLOGY

50
Q

the use of biotechnology to process and
degrade a variety of natural and
humanmade substances, particularly those
that contribute to environmental pollution.

A

Bioremediation

51
Q
  • the molecular biology
    techniques are used to genetically engineer (i.e.
    modify the genome) animals in order to
    improve their suitability for agriculture,
    industrial, or pharmaceutical applications.
A

Animal Biotechnology

52
Q

Animals can be used as “___” to
produce important products– e.g. goats, cattle,
sheep, and chickens are being used as sources
of medically valuable proteins such as
antibodies (for immunity)

A

bioreactors

53
Q

two basic techniques used in biotechnology

A

Tissue culture(Soft Biotechnology);
Genetic engineering (Hard Biotechnology)

54
Q

Tissue culture(Soft Biotechnology): 3

A

Tissue Culture
Bio-fertilizer
Vermiculture

55
Q

Genetic engineering (Hard Biotechnology): 2

A

Genetic Engineering
Recombinant DNA technology

56
Q

– studies the cause of diseases by performing
experiments, analyzing data and doing surveys.

A

Epidemiologists

57
Q

– the field that combines engineering and biology
and usually involves designing products for the medical industry, like
artificial organs or devices such as MRIs

A

Bio-engineer

58
Q

– analyzes evidence from a crime scene.

A

Crime lab technician

59
Q

– works in the food manufacturing industry and aims
to improve the taste, texture and look of various food products.

A

Food scientist

Biotechnology (Midterms) (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions