Chapter 1 - Basic Elements Of A Medical Word Flashcards
A word root links a suffix that begins with a vowel.
True or false?
True.
Word root
Main part/foundation of word. The foundation of a medical term, containing its primary meaning.
A combining form links a suffix that begins with a consonant.
True or false?
True.
Define a medical word, first define the suffix or the end of the word. Second define the first part of the word. Third define the middle of the word.
True or false?
True.
Prefix
Word element attached to the beginning of a word or word root to change the meaning of a word. (not all medical terms have a prefix)
Rule 3
A combining form links one route to another route to form a compound word.
A combining vowel is usually an “o”.
True or false?
True.
Suffix
Word element placed at the end of a word that alters its meaning. (All medical terms have a suffix)
Compound word
2 or more roots put together.
Rule 2
A combining form (root + o) links a suffix that begins with a consonant.
Rule 1
A word root links a suffix that begins with a vowel.
4 elements used to form words:
Word route, combining form, suffix, and prefix
Combining form
Word root + vowel
A combining form links multiple roots to each other.
True or false?
True.
Combining vowel (word root/vowel)
Usually an o, sometimes an i. Used before suffixes that begin with a consonant and before another word root. Prefixes are not included in this rule.
The diacritical mark - is called a
Macron
The diacritical mark 〰️ is called a
Breve
The - indicates the __________ sound of vowels.
Long
The 〰️ indicates the __________ sound of vowels.
Short
Ch is sometimes pronounced…
K
When in the beginning of a word, Pn is pronounced…
N
When pn is in the middle of a word, the p AND n is pronounced!
Orthopnea; hyperpnea
When I is at the end of the word, it is pronounced like…
Eye
For aE and 0E only the _________ vowel is pronounced.
Second
When e and es form the final letter or letters of a word, they are commonly pronounced as __________ syllables.
Separate; syncope, systole, nares
Singular
-a
Plural
Retain a and add e
-ae
Pleura
Pleurae
Singular
-ax
Plural
Drop X and add CES.
-aces
Thorax
Thoraces
Singular
-en
Plural
Drop EN and add INA
-ina
Lumen
Lumina
Singular
-is
Plural
Drop IS and add ES.
-es
Diagnosis
Diagnoses
Singular
-ix
Plural
Drop IX and add ICES.
-ices
Appendix
Appendices
Singular
-ex
Plural
Drop EX and add ICES.
-ices
Apex
Apices
Singular
-ma
Plural
Retain MA and add TA.
-mata
Carcinoma
Carcinomata
Singular
-on
Plural
Drop ON and add A.
-a
Ganglion
Ganglia
Singular
-um
Plural
Drop UM and add A.
-a
Bacterium
Bacteria
Singular
-us
Plural
Drop US and add i.
-i
Bronchus
Bronchi
Singular
-y
Plural
Drop Y and add IES.
-ies
Deformity
Deformities
Hepat
Liver
A word root is a medical term usually indicating an _____________.
Anatomical structure
Stomata
Mouth
Arthr
Joint
-itis
Inflammation
In medical terminology, the suffix indicates…
Procedure, condition, disease, or part of speech
The letter combination PS at the beginning of the word (as in psychosis) is pronounced:
“ss”
The OE in roentgen is pronounced:
“eh”
Pre-
Before, in front of
The soft sounds of S & J are given to C & G respectively before E, I, and Y in words of Greek or Latin origin. (Cycle, gel, gingivitis, giant, and gyrate.)
Before other letters, C and G have a hard sound. (cardiac, colon, gastric, and gonad.)
True or false?
True.
-megaly
Enlargement
Intra-
In, within
Nephr/o
Kidney
-oma
Tumor
Dermat/o
Skin
-cyte
Cell
Poly-
Many, much
Muscul/o
Muscle
Nas/o
Nose
An-
Without, not
-ia
Condition
Retro-
Backward, behind
Post-
After
Sub-
Under, below
