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Social Psych > Chapter 1: Approaches to Psychology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Approaches to Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

physiological

A

normal physical activities in an organism like breathing, eating, sleeping

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2
Q

cognitive

A

conscious intellectual activity such as thinking, reasoning, remembering

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3
Q

psychology

A

study of scientific behavior and mental processes

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4
Q

theory

A

complex explanation based on findings from experiments

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5
Q

basic vs. applied science

A

basic: goal to find out more about behavior
applied: goal to find ways to use what we already know to solve problems

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6
Q

hypothesis

A

educated guess about a phenomenon, prediction

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7
Q

structuralist

A

psychologist that studies the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences

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8
Q

functionalist

A

study how people or animals adapt to their environments, studies the function or actions of the conscious mind

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9
Q

psychoanalyst

A

psychologist who studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior, feelings, and thoughts

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10
Q

behaviorist

A

psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on events in the environment

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11
Q

humanist

A

psychologist who believes that each person has freedom in directing his or her future ad achieving personal growth

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12
Q

the scientific method

A

systematic method for studying something
using a hypothesis, experiment (collecting data), an analysis of the data to come up with your conclusion

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13
Q

ethics in experiments

A

experiments with living creatures cannot cause harm, must give informed consent explaining potential dangers before starting, must have permission through a review board before beginning experiments on people/animals

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14
Q

Pavlov

A

behaviorist, “pavlov’s dog”
-ring bell, give food, dog drools
-repeat a bunch of times
-ring bell, no food, dog still drools
-classical conditioning

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15
Q

Freud

A

psychoanalyst, believed we develop through psychosexual stages, and our childhood events influence us, studied the conscious/subconscious

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16
Q

Skinner

A

-behaviorist
-applied behavioral principals to the lab
-showed how you could change behavior by manipulating the environment

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17
Q

Psychologists

A

scientist who studies the mind and behavior of humans and animals

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18
Q

Psychiatry

A

a branch of medicine that deals with mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders

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19
Q

some fields of psychology

A

school psychology, counseling, clinical, academia (teaching), business and government,

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20
Q

applied science

A

discovering ways to use scientific findings to accomplish practical goals

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21
Q

basic science

A

the pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomena for it’s own sake

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22
Q

cognitivist

A

psychologist who studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use information and how thought processes influence our behavior

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23
Q

developmental psychologist

A

psychologist who studies the emotional, cognitive, biological, personal, and social changes that occur as an individual matures

24
Q

educational psychologist

A

a psychologist who is concerned with helping students learn

25
Q

empirical

A

based on observation or experiment

26
Q

functionalist

A

psychologist who studies the actions of the conscious mind and the goals or purposes of behavior

27
Q

psychiatry

A

a branch of medicine that deals with mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders. An actual Doctor, can prescribe meds.

28
Q

psychology

A

the scientific study of behavior that is tested through scientific research

28
Q

structuralist

A

a psychologist who studies the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences

29
Q

hypothesis

A

educated guess

29
Q

a psychologist who uses the results of sleep research to solve a patient’s sleep problems is practicing

A

applied science

30
Q

Wundt’s experiments are important because…

A

he was the first to use a systematic procedure to study human behavior

31
Q

James studied how people and animals adapt to their environment. He was a….

A

functionalist

32
Q

free association is a method most closely associated with what approach

A

psychoanalytic

33
Q

clinical psychologists differ from counseling psychologists because

A

they are more likely to diagnose and treat emotional disturbances than counseling psychologists

34
Q

psychobiologist

A

studies how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to events in the environment

35
Q

someone who helps police by developing personality profiles of criminals is what branch?

A

forensic psychology

36
Q

T or F: understanding psychology can provide useful insights to behavior

A

True

37
Q

T or F: a goal of psychologists to predict behavior using accumulated knowledge about the ways humans act in various situations

A

True

38
Q

T or F: Applied science is the pursuit of knowledge for it’s own sake

A
39
Q

T or F: John Locke established the first psychology laboratory

A

F

40
Q

T or F: the procedure of introspection led the way to the development and use of the scientific method in psychology

A

T

41
Q

Which processes are normal physical activities

A

physiological

42
Q

the use of experimental and mathematical techniques to formulate and test hypothesis is known as

A

scientific method

43
Q

theory

A

the end product of an experimental study

44
Q

a scientist engaged in basic science

A

discovers principles about human behavior

45
Q

how is psychology connected to natural sciences

A

it explores biological explanations for human behavior

46
Q

T or F: Freud is the founder of psychology

A

F

47
Q

T or F: Sir Francis Galton based his theory of inheritable traits on biographies

A

T

48
Q

T or F: psychologists who studied the function of consciousness became known as psychoanalysts

A

F

49
Q

T or F: BF skinner identified that ONLY punishment can cause changes in behavior

A

F

50
Q

T or F: humanistic psychologists such as Rollo May describe human nature as evolving and self directed

A

T

51
Q

Descartes proposed that

A

the mind and body are linked

52
Q

Kohler is associated with what kind of psychology?

A

Gestalt

53
Q

Who is the pioneer of psychoanalytic psychology

A

Freud

54
Q

Conditioning is most closely associated to what kind of psychology?

A

behaviorism

55
Q

humanism differs from behaviorism and psychoanalysis in that

A

it doesn’t view humans as being controlled by external events or unconscious forces.

Social Psych (3 decks)

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