Chapter 1

Question 1

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Answer 1

HIV-1 / Retrovirus

Question 2

Cervical carcinoma

Answer 2

HPV types 16, 18, 31 / Papillomavirus

Question 3

Cold sores

Answer 3

HSV type 1 / Herpesvirus

Question 4

Common cold

Answer 4

Adenoviruses; Coronaviruses; Rhinoviruses

Question 5

Genital Herpes

Answer 5

HSV type 2 / Herpesvirus

Question 6

SARS

Answer 6

SARS coronavirus / Coronavirus

Question 7

Warts

Answer 7

HPV types 1, 2, 4

Question 8

Yellow fever

Answer 8

Yellow fever virus / Flavivirus

Question 9

Rabies vaccine (1885)

Answer 9

Pasteur

Question 10

Filtered tobacco mosaic virus (1892 & 1898)

Answer 10

Ivanovski & Beijerinck

Question 11

Filtered foot-and-mouth disease (1898)

Answer 11

Loeffler and Frosch

Question 12

Smallpox vaccine (1797)

Answer 12

Jenner

Question 13

Crystallization of tobacco mosaic virus (1935)

Answer 13

Stanley and Northrup

Question 14

Studies with bacteriophages (1940s)

Answer 14

Delbruck and Luria

Question 15

Growth of poliovirus in cultured cells (1949)

Answer 15

Edners, Robbins, Weller

Question 16

Filtered yellow fever virus (1900)

Answer 16

Finlay and Reed

Question 17

Discovery of interferon (1957)

Answer 17

Isaacs and Lindenmann

Question 18

Poliovirus vaccines: killed (1955) and live (1960)

Answer 18

Salk and Sabin

Question 19

Reverse transcriptase in retroviruses (1971)

Answer 19

Temin and Baltimore

Question 20

Bacteriophage genes are DNA (1952)

Answer 20

Hershey and Chase

Question 21

Cellular oncogen is part of a retrovirus genome (1976)

Answer 21

Bishop and Varmus

Question 22

RNA splicing in adenovirus (1977)

Answer 22

Sharp and Roberts

Question 23

Prions as infectious proteins (1975-1990)

Answer 23

Prusiner

Question 24

Virus vectors and genetic engineering (1970s)

Answer 24

Berg

Question 25

Discovery of AIDS virus (1983)

Answer 25

Montagnier and Barre-Sinoussi

Question 26

Plaque assay

Answer 26

to count the number of infectious virus particles in a suspension

Question 27

Hemagglutination assays

Answer 27

a method of titering viruses that agglutinate red blood cells

Question 28

HPV cause cervical cancer (1972-1984)

Answer 28

Hausen

Question 29

Envelop

Answer 29

a lipid membrane that, in some cases, encloses the capsid

Question 30

Virion

Answer 30

an infectious virus particle

Question 31

Obligatory intracellular parasites

Answer 31

viruses multiply inside cells by expressing and replicating their genomes

Question 32

Casid

Answer 32

a protein coat that encloses the genome

Question 33

Hemorrhagic fevers

Answer 33

Dengue virus / Flavivirus

Question 34

Hepatits

Answer 34

Picornavirus / Hepadnavirus / Flavivirus

Question 35

Influenza

Answer 35

Influenza A and B virus / Orthomyxovirus

Question 36

Four cellular machineries needed

Answer 36

synthesize polymers; generate usable chemical energy; protein synthesis; membranes for ions and macromolecules

Question 37

Baltimore classification for (+) ss-RNA

Answer 37

1 -> early protein

Question 38

Baltimore classification for (-) ss-RNA

Answer 38

2 -> vRdRp

Question 39

Baltimore classification for ds-RNA

Answer 39

3 -> vRdRp

Question 40

Baltimore classification for ds-DNA

Answer 40

4 -> DdRp

Question 41

Baltimore classification for ss/ds-DNA

Answer 41

7 -> DpDp (RT) -> DdRp

Question 42

Baltimore classification for ss-DNA

Answer 42

5 -> DpDp (RT) -> DdRp

Question 43

Baltimore classification for (+) ss-RNA (RT)

Answer 43

6 -> vRdDp (RT) -> DdDp -> DdRp