Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the chemical drug name ?
Name that describes the drugs chemical structure
What is the generic drug name?
Official nonproprietary name for the drug and is always lower case
What is the Brand/ Trafe name of a drug?
Proprietary name chosen by drug company and is usually registered
What does anagelsic mean?
Pain relieving
How does the oral route of medication get absorbed?
By the GI tract
How does the transdermal route of medication get absorbed?
By the systemic circulation (blood)
What was the 1906 Federal Pure Food and Drug act do?
Established that Food and Drugs have to say whar ingredients are in them?
What was the 1912 Sherley Amendment?
Involve Winslow’s soothing syrup for babies which had morphine in It which killed a lot of babies. Insured to make sure consumers know what is in drugs and medications
What was the 1951 Durham Humphrey Amendment?
Made to distinguish between prescription and Over the counter medications
What was the Kefauver-Harris Amendment ?
Established due to tragedy that happened due to drug called Thalodomode women in first trimester of pregnancy took was classified as a seductive hypnotic which caused their babies to be born with EXTREME limb deformities
What was the 1970 Comprehensive Drug abuse and prevention Control Act?
Based on addiction and dependency
Define Misfeasance
Negligence; giving the wrong drug, or drug dose resulting in client death
Nonfeasance
Omission; omitting a drug dose that results in client death
Malfeasance
Giving the correct drug but by the wrong route resulting in client death
Define Bioequivalence
Acts in the body in the same manner and the same defree as the drug go which It is compared.
What changes in generic drugs compared to the brand name drug?
Generic drugs have different inactive ingredients
People with what condition should not take aspirin?
Asthma, because aspirin can trigger an actute asthma attack
What does aspirin do?
Acts as a deregulated of leukotrienes
What is a major side effect of aspirin?
Can cause impaired renal function
If a child has a viral infection associated with Reye’s syndrome what Medication should they not take?
Aspirin
What do sleep aids contain?
Anti-histamine
What is a major side effect of an anstihistamine?
Drowsiness
What is an effect of sleep aids that happen in some older adults and some children?
Sleep aids may cause CNS stimulation instead of sedation
What is idiosyncratic/ Paradoxical?
When the drug causes the OPPOSITE Effects of its intended use
What does SAFER stand for?
Speak up Ask questions Find the facts Evaluate choices Read the label
Define pharmacology
The study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
Define drug
Any chemical that affects living process and maintains homeostasis. A chemical which is utilized for diagnosis prevention and cure of an unwanted health condition
What is the sublingual route?
Dissolves under the tongue
What two processes make up the Pharmacuetical phase?
Disintergraton and dissolution.
What process has to happen before a solid tabled can be absorbed?
Disintegration.
Define dissolution
The process where a solid tablet goes into the soultion
Name and describe the three phases a oral drug must go through
- ) Pharmaceutical phase: ( disintegration + dissolution)
- ) Pharmokinetuc phase : what the body does to the drug
- ) Pharmodynamic Phase: what the drug does to the body
Do all drugs go through the pharmaceutic phase?
No only solid orals drugs
What are inactive ingredients of a drug?
Are fillers and inert substances that give the shape and size and aids in dissolution and absorption
What is the active ingredient in a drug responsible for?
Bringing the body back to homeostasis
Why do the elderly and infants have a slower absorbtion in the stomach ?
They have a slower absorption rate in their stomach because of their alkaline fluids.
Why shouldn’t you crush enteric coating and Sustained Release drugs?
Crushing will change the place and time of absorption
Define Enteric coating
Allows a drug to dissolve only in an alkaline environment such as the small intestine
Define Sustained Releass Drugs (SR)
Allows drugs to be released slowly overtime rather than quickly like conventional tablets
What is ADME ( processes of pharmokinetics)
A- absoriotion
D- distribution
M- Metabolism
E- excretion
What does BUN stand for?
Blood urea nitrogen
What two tests are used to see if excretion is happening properly?
Creatinine and BUN
