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Semantics > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 levels of analysis

A

phonology, syntax, semiotics, semantics

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2
Q

signification

A

the habit of creating, identifying, interpreting signs

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3
Q

who is ferdinad de sausser

A

the dude who made up sign and signifier

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4
Q

signifier

A

a symbol or sign

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5
Q

signified

A

what the signifier represents

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6
Q

who is CS pierce

A

who made up icon, index, and symbol

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7
Q

definition theory

A

states that to give meaning of linguistic expression we should establish definitions of the meanings of words

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8
Q

circularity

A

how do we define the meaning of words and sentences without using language

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9
Q

semantic vs encyclopedic knowledge

A

do words and sentences provide an exact representation of the real world? what is the true nature of reality?

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10
Q

context (challenge)

A

how is meaning defined by what a speaker already knows about what is being said? what is the role of culture

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11
Q

phonology

A

study of sounds a language has and how the sounds combine to form words

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12
Q

syntax

A

study of how words can be combined into sentences

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13
Q

semiotics

A

study of linguistic meaning of sighns and symbols

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14
Q

semantics

A

the study of meaning of words involving sense and reference

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15
Q

entailment

A

relationship between sentences

ex: if A entails B then if we know A we automatically know B; vice versa

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16
Q

metalanguage

A

a form of language or set of terms used for the description or analysis of another language

17
Q

mental lexicon

A

list of words which each off us has in our memory

18
Q

Arabic dictionary written in french

identify the metalanguage and the object language

A

french: meta
Arabic: object

19
Q

productivity

A

ability for new words to be created in language

20
Q

Recursive

A

allowing repetitive embedding or coordination of syntactic categories

21
Q

can the meaning of sentences be listed into a lexicon?

A

no, t must be created by rules of combination too

22
Q

compositional

A

the meaning of an expression is determined by the meaning of its component parts

23
Q

sense

A

how words and sentences form a coherent system

internal to language

24
Q

reference

A

how language hooks onto the world

mediates between language and the world

25
Q

utterance

A

created by speaking or writing a piece of language

real pieces of speech

26
Q

sentences

A

abstract grammatical elements obtained from utterances

27
Q

propositions

A

descriptions of states of affairs
can be a way of capturing part of the meaning of sentences
the same proposition can be represented by several different statements

28
Q

pragmatics

A

relation of linguistic sings to each other

Semantics (9 decks)

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