Chapter 1 Flashcards
Who invented the compound microscope that could magnify 25x?
Robert Hooke
Who grounded lenses that could magnify 200-300x?
Anton von Leeuwenhoek
Who invented the name animalcules?
Anton von Leeuwenhoek
Who believed in biogenesis?
Anton von Leeuwenhoek
Who came up with the experiment to prove biogenesis vs spontaneous generation?
Louis Pasteur
Who studied cause and transmission of disease and came up with hand washing?
Ignaz Semmelweis
Who’s research gave birth to modern sanitation standards?
John Snow
Who created the name “bacteria”?
Christian Ehrenberg
Who was the first to propose germ theory?
Louis Pasteur
What is germ theory?
Certain bacteria could cause human disease
Who invented pasteurization?
Louis Pasteur
Who demonstrated antisepsis by using carbolic acid spray on wounds?
Joseph Lister
Who connected bacteria to disease? (Anthrax disease specifically)
Robert Koch
What is kochs postulates?
4 requirements in order to prove that a bacteria causes a disease
What are kochs postulates?
- Same microorganism present in every case of the disease
- Isolate & grow it
- Infect a healthy animal with disease
- The same disease needs to be replicated that’s in the 1st animal
What is variolation and who invented it?
Us my human pieces to protect those who weren’t infected - ancient Chinese invented it
Who invented the first vaccination?
Edward Jenner
Who identified yellow fever caused by a virus?
Walter reed
What does it mean when it is said that life is cellular?
They are living
Characteristics of cells?
Spherical, polygonal, cubical, cylindrical
Have chromosomes containing DNA and ribosomes for protein synthesis
Complex in function
Encased in a membrane
What does “Eukary” mean?
True nucleus
True or false: eukaryotes contain organelles
True- includes nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
What cells can be seen by the naked eye?
Eukaryotes - only some are microorganisms ex) animals, plants, fungi, Protozoa
What cell has no true nucleus and lack organelles?
Prokaryotes
Are prokaryotes or Eukaryotes smaller?
Prokaryotes are 10 times smaller than eukaryotes
True or false: all prokaryotes are microorganisms
True
Are eukaryotes or prokaryotes on you more?
Prokaryotes
What cells are not independently living?
Viruses
What are viruses composed of?
Hereditary material (DNA or rna, but not both) and a protein coat
What are more deadly than bacteria diseases?
Viruses
What is binomial nomenclature?
Scientific name is a combination of the genus and species names
How are scientific names written?
Italicizes when they are written in print and underlined when written by hand
When abbreviated: genus name is just the first initial followed by a period and the full species name is written
