Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is a biome?
a large region with biotic and abiotic factors
What are the 8 earth biomes?
tundra temperate deciduous forest temperate rain forest tropical rain forest boreal forest grassland desert permanent ice
What are the 2 main abiotic factors?
temperature and precipitation
What are 4 factors that influence temperature and precipitation?
land
elevation
wind
ocean currents
What are climatographs?
graphs of climate data for a specific region over a period of time
What is climate?
average pattern of weather conditions over a period of years
What are adaptions?
characteristics that allow organisms to better survive and reproduce
What are the 3 types of adaptions?
structural
physiological
behavioral
What is structural adaption?
a physical feature of an organism’s body with a specific function for survival
[ex. porcupine spines]
What is physiological adaption?
a physical or chemical event that happens within an organism’s body to allow it to survive
[ex. wolves keep a constant body heat all year round]
What is behavioral adaption?
what an organism does to survive in it’s environment
[ex. owls put cow dung at it’s home entrance]
What is an ecosystem?
a part of a biome where abiotic and biotic components interact
What is habitat?
a place where an organism lives in an ecosystem
What is a niche?
a special role that every organism plays
What is a species?
a group related organisms that can reproduce with one another
What is population?
the members of a species within an ecosystem
What is community?
all the populations of different species that interact
List the ecological hierarchy from smallest to largest.
organism species population community ecosystem biome biosphere
What is symbiosis?
the interaction of 2 different organisms that live together
What are the 3 different types of interactions in an ecosystem?
commensalism
mutuallism
parasitism
What is commensalism?
a symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is unharmed
What is mutuallism?
a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit
What is parasitism?
a symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed
What is competition?
a harmful interaction between 2 organisms competing for the same resource
