Chapter 1

Question 1

pathology

Answer 1

study of tissue and disease

Question 2

symptoms

Answer 2

subjective manifestations such as pain or weakness

ex. headache or nausea

Question 3

signs

Answer 3

physical findings or objective manifestations such as swelling or redness

Question 4

ECG

Answer 4

measures serial changes in electrical activity of the heart in various phase of the cardiac cycle

Question 5

EEG

Answer 5

measures electrical activity in the brain waves

Question 6

EMG

Answer 6

measures electrical activity of the skeletal muscle during contraction and at rest

Question 7

endoscopy

Answer 7

• to examine interior of body using rigid or flexible tubular instruments equipped with lens and light source
• to perform surgery formerly done through large abdominal incisions

Question 8

ultrasound

Answer 8

-mapping echoes produced by high-frequency sound waves transmitted into body; echoes reflect change in tissue density, producing images

Question 9

X-ray

Answer 9

• principle use of high-energy radiation waves at lower doses to produce images to help diagnose disease
• can penetrate through tissues at varying degrees depending on tissue density
• act on a photographic film or plate as the rays leave the body

Question 10

computed tomographic (CT) scan

Answer 10

• radiation detectors record amount of X-rays or ionizing radiation absorbed by body and feed data into a computer that reconstructs the data into an image
• source of radiation rotates

Question 11

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 11

• computer constructed images of body based on response of hydrogen protons in water molecules when placed in strong magnetic field
• hydrogen molecules vibrate
• works for tissue not bone

Question 12

papanicolau (pap) smear

Answer 12

• identifies abnormal cells in fluids or secretions

- for recognizing early changes that may be associated with cervical or other cancers