Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Indigenous Peoples

A

First Peoples, the original people of a place

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2
Q

Consensus

A

Agreement by everyone

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3
Q

Alliance

A

An agreement among groups or nations to act together in support of each other.

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4
Q

Protocols

A

Formal rules

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5
Q

Powwow

A

A gathering of First Nations peoples to celebrate their culture.

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6
Q

Tenet

A

A basic principle held in common by a group

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7
Q

Perspective

A

Values and ideas shared by people with a common language, culture and history.

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8
Q

How did the Mi’kmaq gather food?

A
Farmed fresh water fish
Hunted deer & moose
Fished eel
Picked berries 
Gathered duck eggs
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9
Q

How did the Anishnabe gather food?

A
Pick berries
Collect plants
Harvest wild rice
Fishing Sturgeon 
Hunting deer
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10
Q

How did the Haudenosaunee gather food?

A

Grew corn, beans, and squash

Forest gave them berries, roots, maple syrup and game.

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11
Q

Did the Mi’kmaq move seasonally?

A

Yes, they lived close to the coast in the summer, and in the forest in the winter. The seasonal movement helped them make the best use of their land. Also for protection.

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12
Q

Did the Anishnabe move seasonally?

A

Yes, they hunted at the winter camp and came to the summer camp to gather food, have ceremonies, and sports.

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13
Q

Did the Haudenosaunee move seasonally?

A

No, but they moved when the land won’t serve them anymore.

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14
Q

Describe the Mi’kmaq’s camps.

A
Birch bark wigwams
Mattresses made from evergreen branches
Canoes
Pond for fishing
Toboggans 
Snowshoes
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15
Q

Describe the Anishnabe camps.

A
Built canoes for speed
Dome-shaped buildings built for meetings 
Made arrows
Tools for collecting maple syrup 
Snowshoes
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16
Q

Describe Haudenosaunee camps.

A

Built longhouses
Corn fields nearby
Baskets for washing corn

17
Q

Name 5 similarities between the 3 First Nations groups.

A
All made decisions using consensus 
All had male leader
All used technologies to make life easier
All were spiritual - believed in Creator
There was no accumulation of wealth
18
Q

Name 5 differences between the 3 First Nations groups.

A

All had different roles for woman in decision making
Some farmed, others gathered wild food
All had different technologies in their camps
Had different kinds of buildings in camps
Two groups moved seasonally while one didn’t

19
Q

Describe how geography effects identity.

A

You grow up with the land. A person from Saskatchewan might not be as good of a swimmer as a person from B.C. because there aren’t as many lakes in Saskatchewan then there are in B.C.

20
Q

How did the Mi’kmaq make decisions?

A

The Saqamaw elder and Grand Council made decisions.

21
Q

How did the Anishnabe make decisions?

A

The Ogimauh was the leader
The Midewin Society helped make decisions
Dodems divided roles

22
Q

How did the Haudenosaunee make decisions?

A

Hoyaneh is the leader
Clan Mothers advised Hoyaneh
Grand Council also helped make decisions

23
Q

What was a Mi’kmaq woman’s role in decision making?

A

Woman could sit in at meetings but had no say

24
Q

What was an Anishnabe woman’s role in decision making?

A

Men and women where treated equally

Woman could be in Midewin Society

25
What was an Haudenosaunee woman's role in decision making?
Clan Mothers advised Hoyaneh with decisions and problems
26
What was a Mi'kmaq man's role in decision making?
Men helped make decisions | Saqamaw and Council of Elders were all male
27
What was an Anishnabe man's role in decision making?
Men helped make decisions Ogimauh was male Father picks the marriage
28
What was a Haudenosaunee man's role in decision making?
Hoyaneh and Grand Council were male | Men had role in decision making
29
How did the Mi'kmaq use the land?
``` Used twigs and trees to build homes and snowshoes Hunted and fished locally Dug ponds to farm fish Some farming Used trees for canoes ```
30
How did the Anishnabe use the land?
Hunted and fished locally Collected berries Gathered wild rice Traded for corn and beans
31
How did the Haudenosaunee use the land?
Trees used for houses Hunted and fished locally Farmed the land
32
What are some examples of Mi'kmaq technologies?
``` Tepees and snowshoes Food bins Tools for sap Drying racks Canoes ```
33
What are some examples of Anishnabe technologies?
Arrows and spears Harpoons Canoes
34
What are some examples of Haudenosaunee technologies?
Woven baskets Drying racks Canoes
35
What are 5 good qualities a good leader?
Listens to their people Has a open heart and mind Must remain strong, honourable, trustworthy and true The root of leadership must be the land Must respect everybody and lead by example
36
What was the name of the Mi'kmaq leader?
Saqamaw
37
What was the name of the Anishnabe leader?
Ogimauh
38
What was the name of the Haudenosaunee leader?
Hoyaneh