Chapter 1 4 Family Systems Therapy

Question 1

An approach that is
based on the premise that parents and children
often become locked in repetitive, negative interactions
based on mistaken goals that motivate
all parties involved.

Answer 1

Adlerian family therapy

Question 2

In structural family therapy, an
emotional barrier that protects individuals
within a system.

Answer 2

Boundary

Question 3

Bowen’s and Whitaker’s view of the
role of the therapist in assisting clients in the
process of differentiating the self.

Answer 3

Coaching

Question 4

An alliance between two people

against a third.

Answer 4

Coalition

Question 5

An early human validation
process model developed by Virginia Satir
that emphasizes communication and emotional
experiencing.

Answer 5

Conjoint family therapy

Question 6

Bowen’s concept of psychological
separation of intellect and emotions
and of independence of the self from others. The
greater one’s differentiation, the better one’s ability
to keep from being drawn into dysfunctional
patterns with other family members.

Answer 6

Differentiation of self

Question 7

Minuchin’s term for a family
organization characterized by psychological isolation
that results from rigid boundaries.

Answer 7

Disengagement

Question 8

In structural family therapy, an intervention
consisting of a family playing out its
relationship patterns during a therapy session so
that the therapist can observe and then change
transactions that make up the family structure.

Answer 8

Enactment

Question 9

Minuchin’s term referring to
a family structure in which there is a blurring
of psychological boundaries, making autonomy
very diffi cult to achieve.

Answer 9

Enmeshment

Question 10

A therapeutic approach
that emphasizes the value of the therapist’s realness
in interacting with a family.

Answer 10

Experiential therapy

Question 11

The inability of a family
to attain harmonious relationships and to
achieve interdependence.

Answer 11

Family dysfunction

Question 12

The series of events that
marks an individual’s life within a family, from
separation from one’s parents to marriage to
growing old and dying.

Answer 12

Family life cycle

Question 13

Satir’s experiential
technique in which clients retrace their family
history for the purpose of gaining insight into
current family functioning.

Answer 13

Family life-fact chronology

Question 14

The original nuclear family

into which one was born or adopted.

Answer 14

Family of origin

Question 15

The implicit agreements that prescribe
the rights, duties, and range of appropriate
behaviors within the family.

Answer 15

Family rules

Question 16

A nonverbal experiential
technique that consists of physically arranging
members of a family in space, which revealssignifi cant aspects of their perceptions and feelings
about one another.

Answer 16

Family sculpting

Question 17

The functional organization
of a family, which determines interactional patterns
among members.

Answer 17

Family structure

Question 18

A family in which the needs
of the individual members are met and there
is a balance of interdependence and autonomy
among members.

Answer 18

Functional family

Question 19

A schematic diagram of the family
system, usually including at least three generations;
employed by many family therapists to identify
recurring behavior patterns within the family.

Answer 19

Genogram

Question 20

Family functioning
based on generational boundaries that involve
parental control and authority.

Answer 20

Hierarchical structure

Question 21

An experiential
and humanistic approach developed by
Virginia Satir, which viewed techniques as being
secondary to the relationship a therapist develops
with the family.

Answer 21

Human validation process model

Question 22

A family member who carries
the symptom for a family and who is identifi
ed by the family as the person with the problem.
In genograms this person is the index person.
Joining In structural family therapy, accommodating
to a family’s system to help the members
change dysfunctional patterns.

Answer 22

Identifi ed patient

Question 23

An approach
that operates on the premise that a predictable
pattern of interpersonal relationships
connects the functioning of family members
across generations.

Answer 23

Multigenerational family therapy

Question 24

The way in which dysfunctional patterns are passed

from one generation to the next.

Answer 24

Multigenerational transmission process

Question 25

This perspective serves as a basic structure for assessment both of the family members and the system.

Answer 25

Multilayered process of family therapy

Question 26

A technique in strategic family therapy whereby the therapist directs family members to continue their symptomatic behavior. Change occurs through defying the directive.

Answer 26

Paradoxical directive

Question 27

These models seek to reduce or eliminate the power and impact of the family therapist. They include solution-focused and solution-oriented therapies as well as narrative therapy.

Answer 27

Postmodern approaches to family therapy

Question 28

Relabeling a family’s description of behavior by putting it into a new and more positive perspective.

Answer 28

Reframing

Question 29

A therapeutic approach whereby the therapist develops a specific plan and designs interventions geared toward solving a family’s presenting problems.

Answer 29

Strategic therapy

Question 30

A therapeutic approach directed at changing or realigning the organization of a family to modify dysfunctional patterns and clarify boundaries.

Answer 30

Structural therapy

Question 31

By the late 1970s, these complimentary approaches were the most used models in family systems therapy. Interventions generated in these models became synonymous with a systems approach; they included joining, boundary setting, unbalancing, reframing, ordeals, paradoxical interventions, and enactments.

Answer 31

Structural-strategic approaches

Question 32

A three-person system; the smallest | stable emotional unit of human relations.

Answer 32

Triangle

Question 33

A pattern of interaction consisting of detouring confl ict between two people by involving a third person.

Answer 33

Triangulation

Question 34

1. The trend today is toward reliance on a single theory of family therapy rather than using an integrative approach.

Answer 34

f

Question 35

T F 2. The emergence of feminist and postmodern perspectives has moved the fi eld of family therapy toward more egalitarian, collaborative, and coconstructing relationships.

Answer 35

t

Question 36

T F 3. Experiential family therapy relies on the expert use of directives aimed at changing dysfunctional patterns.

Answer 36

f

Question 37

``` T F 4. A multilayered process of family therapy is best supported by a collaborative therapist–client relationship in which mutual respect, caring, empathy, and a genuine interest in others is primary. ```

Answer 37

t

Question 38

T F 5. Conducting an assessment is one of the phases of the mutilayered perspective in family therapy.

Answer 38

t

Question 39

T F 6. Understanding family process is almost always facilitated by “how” questions.

Answer 39

t

Question 40

T F 7. In terms of assessment, it is useful to inquire about family perspectives on issues inherent in each of the lenses.

Answer 40

t

Question 41

``` T F 8. The family therapist’s skill in communicating understanding and empathy through active listening lays the foundation for an effective working relationship. ```

Answer 41

t

Question 42

T F 9. All change in human systems starts with understanding and accepting things as they are.

Answer 42

t

Question 43

T F 10. Reframing is the art of putting what | is known in a new, more useful perspective.

Answer 43

t

Question 44

``` 11. Which of the following family therapy models makes the most use of genograms, dealing with family-oforigin issues, and detriangulating relationships? a. Adlerian family therapy b. Bowenian multigenerational family therapy c. structural family therapy d. strategic therapy e. experiential family therapy ```

Answer 44

b

Question 45

``` 12. Which of the following approaches most often employs a co-therapist model, makes use of self-disclosure, uses the therapist’s self as change agent, and frequently uses confrontation? a. Bowenian family therapy b. Adlerian family therapy c. structural family therapy d. strategic therapy e. experiential family therapy ```

Answer 45

e

Question 46

``` 13. Which of the following is not a key general movement of the multilayered approach to family systems therapy? a. forming a relationship b. conducting an assessment c. hypothesizing and sharing meaning d. conducting empirical research to evaluate outcomes e. facilitating change ```

Answer 46

d

Question 47

``` 14. Differentiation of the self is the cornerstone of which theory? a. Bowenian family therapy b. Adlerian family therapy c. social constructionism d. strategic therapy e. experiential family therapy ```

Answer 47

a

Question 48

``` 15. Virginia Satir outlined four communication stances that people tend to adopt under stress. They include all of the following stances except for a. blaming. b. placating. c. super reasonable. d. irrelevant. e. sabotaging. ```

Answer 48

e

Question 49

``` 16. The antidote to stress communications, according to Satir, is , in which family members are emotionally honest, speak for themselves, stay grounded (or centered), and are able to share their feelings and ask for what is needed. a. congruence b. unconditional positive regard c. detriangulation d. emotional decompression e. differentiation of self ```

Answer 49

a

Question 50

``` 17. In assessing families, what question(s) might a structural-strategic therapist ask? a. “What were the routines that made up your early life, and what rules governed these routines?” b. “Who was aligned with whom— and what did they use that alignment to achieve?” c. “What rules and boundaries were set around each sub-system?” d. “What were common interactional sequences in your family?” e. All of the above. ```

Answer 50

e

Question 51

``` 18. views the counselor and therapist as an observer who is outside of the system, can assess what is going on, and can promote change—all without ever becoming part of the system. a. First-order cybernetics b. Second-order cybernetics c. Third-order cybernetics d. Fourth-order cybernetics e. None of the above. ```

Answer 51

a

Question 52

``` 19. What best defi nes the focus of family therapy? a. Most of the family therapies tend to be brief. b. Family therapy tends to be solution- focused. c. The focus is on here-and-now interactions in the family system. d. Family therapy is generally action- oriented. e. all of the above ```

Answer 52

e

Question 53

``` 20. Within the field of family therapy, has been the most influential leader in the development of both gender and cultural perspectives and frameworks in family practice. a. Monica McGoldrick b. Jay Haley c. Michele Weiner-Davis d. John Gottman e. Carl Whitaker ```

Answer 53

a

Question 54

``` 21. Which of the following roles and functions would be most atypical for a structural family therapist? a. joining the family in a position of leadership b. giving voice to the therapist’s own impulses and fantasies c. mapping the underlying structure of a family d. intervening in ways designed to transform an ineffective structure of a family e. being a stage director ```

Answer 54

b

Question 55

22. A family therapist poses the following question: “Who seems to be most upset when mom comes home late from work?” She is asking question. a. an intrusive b. a thought-provoking c. a circular or relational d. an exception e. a scaling

Answer 55

c

Question 56

``` 23. Directives and paradoxical procedures are most likely to be used in which approach to family therapy? a. strategic family therapy b. Adlerian family therapy c. multigenerational family therapy d. experiential family therapy e. structural family therapy ```

Answer 56

a

Question 57

``` 24. Which approach to family therapy stresses the importance of returning to one’s family of origin to extricate oneself from triangular relationships? a. Bowenian family therapy b. Adlerian family therapy c. structural family therapy d. strategic family therapy e. experiential family therapy ```

Answer 57

a

Question 58

``` 25. Which approach to family therapy stresses unlocking mistaken goals, investigating birth order and family constellation, and reeducation? a. Bowenian family therapy b. structural family therapy c. Adlerian family therapy d. strategic family therapy e. experiential family therapy ```

Answer 58

c