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AN S 214 > Chapter 1-4 Body Organization/Homeostasis > Flashcards

Chapter 1-4 Body Organization/Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the body organization?

A

Atom, Molecule, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism

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2
Q

What is an Organ system?

A

A group of organs working together to perform a particular function

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3
Q

What is an Organism?

A

Any living thing

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4
Q

What is an Organ?

A

A group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function.

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5
Q

What is a cell?

A

The basic unit of all living things

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6
Q

What is a Tissue?

A

A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.

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7
Q

What is an atom?

A

Smallest particle of an element

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8
Q

What is a Molecule?

A

A group of atoms bonded together

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9
Q

What are the types of Tissues?

A

nervous, muscle, connective, epithelial

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10
Q

What are epithelial tissues?

A

layers of cells that cover internal and external surfaces
* forms membranes
* glands

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11
Q

What are the types of epithelial tissues?

A

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

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12
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

Cells that are widely spaced in a matrix that bind, partitions, protection, and support the matrix

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13
Q

types of connective tissue

A

Under Epithelium, Adipose, Tendon, Bone, Blood

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14
Q

What are organelles?

A

any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.

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15
Q

What is the mitochondria?

A

power house of the cell and produces and supplies the cell with energy

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16
Q

What is the plasma membrane?

A

the membrane found in all cells that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment

17
Q

What is a lipid bilayer?

A

2 layers of phospholipids ( hydrophobic and hydrophillic)

18
Q

What is Cytosol?

A

Fluid portion of cytoplasm

19
Q

What is the Nucleus?

A

Control center of the cell (DNA)

20
Q

What is a Lysosome?

A

helps degrade mis-made items or other things in a cell

21
Q

What are Secretory Vesicles?

A

The golgi apparatus packages processed materials into vesicles of membrane, which then fuse with the cell’s plasma membrane and releases the contents.

22
Q

What are protein channels?

A

proteins that are embedded in the lipid bilayer that help things pass through the membrane

23
Q

What are cell receptors?

A

Proteins which identify a cell as a target cell for a hormone

24
Q

What is the Central Dogma?

A

DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein

25
Q

What is transcription?

A

The process of making RNA from DNA

26
Q

What is translation?

A

the decoding of an mRNA message into a protein

27
Q

What is Homeostasis?

A

Maintaining a stable internal environment

28
Q

What is a Negative Feedback Loop?

A

A negative feedback loop is a system where the output may signal the system to stop changing. return to a set point

29
Q

What is a Positive Feedback Loop?

A

once it is stimulated, it just keeps going (think oxytocin to induce labor)

30
Q

What are the steps of a negative feedback loop?

A

stimulus, receptor, input, control center, output, effector, response

31
Q

What is Skeletal Muscle?

A

long multinucleate, parallel cells w/ striations
Pull on bones and skins as contract

32
Q

What is Cardiac Muscle?

A

Cells divide and converse, striated with intercalated discs, 1 nuclei Only in the heart (Involuntary)

33
Q

What is Smooth Muscle?

A

Short tapered cells with no striations, uninucleate, (Involuntary)

34
Q

What is a squamous cell?

A

A cell that is flat and the nucleus is near the upper surface.

35
Q

What is a Cuboidal Cell?

A

A cell that is cube-shaped with a central, round nucleus.

36
Q

What is a Columnar Cell?

A

A cell that is tall with an oval nucleus near the basement membrane.

37
Q

What does simple mean?

A

one layer

38
Q

What does stratified mean?

A

multiple layers

39
Q

What does pseudostratified mean?

A

false stratified; all cells touch basement membrane

AN S 214 (6 decks)

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