Chapter 1 Flashcards
General functions of epithelium
Absorption, secretion, provide a barrier
Complete basement membrane contains these two parts
basal lamina, reticular lamina
basal lamina produced by these cells
epithelial
reticular lamina is produced by these cells in the CT
fibroblasts
Functions of the basement membrane
limited molecular filter, limits stretch
connective tissue provides epithelium with these two things
nutrition (oxygen), defensive cells
tight junction that shares i intrinsic membrane proteins and provides strong attachment, also prevents passage of materials between cells
zonula occludens
known as the adhesion belt, consists of cadherins and marginal bands, provides cell structural stability
zonula adherens
Composed of desmosomes and functions to provides strong attachment
macula adherens
composed of six connexins, provides strong attachment, transports materials b/w cells (nutrients & oxygen)
gap junctions
junctional complex in order
zonula occludens, zonula adherens, macula adherens
help connect epithelial cells to the basal lamina,
hemidesmosomes
an autoimmune skin disease causing large blistering lesions that burst, but do heal
bullous pemphigoid
an autoimmune skin disease causing skin blistering that do not heal easily; excessive bleeding likely, can be fatal
pemphigus vulgaris
acute bacterial infection of small intestines, toxins disrupt proteins in zonula occludens which permits the loss of water and electrolytes
cholera
functions and location of simple squamos
living filter, provides a barrier, lungs
functions and location of simple cuboidal
absorption, secretion, provides a barrier, exocrine ducts, thyroid follicular cells, kidney tubules
functions and location of simple columbar
Absorption, secretion, provides a barrier, GI tract
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium function and location
respiratory tract
cells that produce mucus
goblet
cells that move mucus over the surface
ciliated columnar
cells divide and change into cell types
basal
extremely long microvilli, increase surface area
steriocilia
finger-like projections that increase surface area for absorption
microvilli
cells that have many mitochondria and function to move something over a surface, NO absorption
cilia
surface layer of glycoproteins and carbohydrates that function in protection and cell recognition
glycocalyx
stratified squamous provides protection from this but no protection from this
?. drying
layers of keratinized stratified squamous
(stratum) basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
three functions of statum corneum
prevents water loss, provides a barrier to microbes,protects against abrasion
where are melanocytes found
stratum basale
name for genetic darker skin
eumelanin
name for reddish skin
pheomelanin
cells that recognize and process foreign particals (APC), found in stratum spinosum
langerhan
provide touch recepters and are found in
merkel cells (epithelial tactile cells
known as urinary epithelium or urothelium it functions to provide protection, to stretch, and a barrier
transitional epithelium
specializations of transitional epitheliumm
thin fenestrated basement membrane, large rounded superficial cells, well-developed zonula occludens
patchy skin lesions taht accelerate keratinocyte life cycle
psoriasis vulgaris
patches which lack melanocytes
vitilligo
cause of albinism
tyrosinase is missing from melanocytes
components involved with the primary function
parenchyma
components that provide mechanical/metabolic support
stroma
type of secretion that involves no cell damage and examples
merocrine (eccrine), goblet cells, salivary
type of secretion where cell matures and dies, associated with order, and examples
holocrine, sebaceous glands
type of secretion where cell damage is minimal, secretory product is some cytoplasm, memebrane and in-tact vacuoles
apocrine, lactating mammary glands
glands that produce proteins and are trapezoid shaped
serous glands
glands whose cells typically stain light nucleus is often flat an peripheral
mucus
glands that produce both serous and mucus with teh same characteristics as mucus glands
mixed
