Chapter 1-3

Question 1

Why did the Vikings–norse not have naming rights, etc. in America

Answer 1

They did not sustain colonies or other society

Question 2

Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci

Answer 2

Columbus goes to America thinking it’s the east indies, Amerigo Vespucci records what he sees about the new world and claims this is a new country, not east indies

Question 3

How is American named after Amerigo Vespucci

Answer 3

German mapmaker, Martin Waldseemueler, publishes 1000 maps w the name of Vespucci’s diaries, Vespucci was controversial at the time

Question 4

Takeaway– naming rights

Answer 4

history and names aren’t always the most accurate, the names are mostly based on what caught on the fastest

Question 5

how where the continents were settled

Answer 5

Bering Strait land bridge: Nomadic NE Asia hunters came to the America’s on a land bridge and got separated when land flooded at the end of the ice age

Question 6

Similarities between Native American settlements

Answer 6

agriculture based. Pueblos, Mound Builders, Iroquois

Question 7

Iroquois*

Answer 7

most developed settlement, Had a written const. and judicial system. Had a confederation of 5 tribes, physical evidence of adv societies

Question 8

Impact of native american settlements

Answer 8

negligible, due to small numbers

Question 9

Explain the competition btwn Spain and Portugal

Answer 9

both obsessed w water route to Asia (to compete w Italian Silk Road). Henry the Navigator (P) starts nav school to teach sailing and to spread Catholicism. Queen Isabella (S) sends Columbus. Their competition leads to the Treaty of Tordesillas.

Question 10

explain the Treaty of Tordesillas (incuding cause and effect)

Answer 10

Split up land btwn Spain and Portugal, Spain got most of the land which helped significantly give Spain more power in the new world. Cause: Spain and Portugal needed a compromise bc of their competition in the new world

Question 11

European motives- God

Answer 11

wanted to spread their religion to them (my god is better than your god) and wanted to protect them from catholic outsiders

Question 12

Euro motives- Gold

Answer 12

gold came to determine wealth rather than land (gold is more transportable and universally accepted)

Question 13

Euro motives- Glory

Answer 13

personal glory and glory for each country, gained glory by conquering other civs

Question 14

Spanish rise to power

Answer 14

the Spanish conquered many different civs, esp in S America. Ex: Cortez (Spain) and Montezuma (aztec). Led to the mix of Spanish and native pop

Question 15

Richard Hakluyt

Answer 15

(english) wrote “Discourse on Western Planting). Argued in favor of gov support of colonial plantings for military advantages in the new world. Argued rewards would outweigh the risks, and that the gov would have to work together (not individual companies) bc there wasn’t enough money and bc it was a national importance. This led to the Roanoke exploration

Question 16

Roanoke

Answer 16

Failed, Without listening to Hakluyt’s advice, an expedition is sent to Roanoke island without enough gov backing. Everyone disappears

Question 17

Jamestown failures

Answer 17

Originally supposed to be a mining company, but mining is very bad in Virginia. The people of Jamestown would have starved waiting for gold if John Smith hadn’t come in.

Question 18

Jamestown success

Answer 18

John Smith rallies settlers and makes a more stable community by cultivating tobacco. Smith decides to keep the $$ instead of sending it back to London. He was appointed resident governor. A few years later, the House of Burgesses is established to advise governor and accommodate growing pop. 1st self gov in US King James enacts a charter making a royal colony due to perceived mismanagement.

Question 19

Big Picture Jamestown

Answer 19

Established agricultural/commercial interests in south British colonies. creates a “learn on the fly” innovation mindset. Independent from UK

Question 20

John Winthrop

Answer 20

CITY ON A HILL SPEECH!! gov of royal colony

Question 21

Mayflower compact

Answer 21

Plymouth settlers. forms a “civil body politick”. placed good of community over good of individual. first euro gov model in N america written down

Question 22

Scandinavian exploration of N america

Answer 22

Land in newfoundland and call it vinland for the grapes that grow there. did not sustain any settlements

Question 23

Christopher Columbus

Answer 23

Intended to go to the east indies for trade. Dies thinking he landed in India. His legacy is that he is known for discovering america. misconceptions came from Washington Irving, a fiction writer who wrote “the life and voyages of Christopher Columbus”

Question 24

Joint stock company

Answer 24

companies made up of groups of investors who bought the right to establish plantations for the king

Question 25

Pilgrims vs Puritans

Answer 25

Pilgrims were separatists. thought their religion was better, had little toleration for other religions. wanted to completely start over and get away from england and anglican church. Puritans wanted to reform and not to separate. Only left england when their attempts to reform failed. Still identified as part of the anglican church and as english

Question 26

Plymouth vs massachusetts

Answer 26

Massachusetts- The colony established political freedom and a representative government. Non-separatist puritans. not agricultural, instead it was a small industrial community, puritans
Plymouth- Pilgrims, starved until they became an agricultural settlement due to help of squanto

Question 27

settlement of colonies (basic chronological order)

Answer 27

Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts, New York, Mass Bay Colony, Maryland, Connecticut, Rhode Island, georgia,

Question 28

How did the defeat of the spanish armada affect NA colonization

Answer 28

britain becomes new naval power and becomes a bigger power in North America