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World History > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Are objects that people in the past made or used, such as coins, pottery, and tools.

A

Artifacts

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1
Q

Refers to a society knowledge, art, beliefs, customs, and values.

A

Culture

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2
Q

This term refers to humans and early humanlike beings that walked upright.

A

Hominid

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3
Q

Found a hominid fossil in olduvai gorge, located in Tanzania.

A

Louis Leakey

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4
Q

Or old Stone Age, it lasted from around 2.5 million years ago to around 10,000 years ago.

A

Paleolithic Era

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5
Q

Moving from place to place as they followed migrating animal herds.

A

Nomads

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6
Q

Hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plants, berries, nuts, and other foods.

A

Hunter-gatherers

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7
Q

The belief that all things in nature have spirits.

A

Animism

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8
Q

Or New Stone Age

A

Neolithic Era

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9
Q

Historians refer to the shift of farming as the

A

Neolithic Revolution

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10
Q

The selective breeding of plants and animals to make them more useful to humans

A

Domestication

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11
Q

People who ranged over wide areas and kept herds of livestock on witch they depend for food and other items

A

Pastoralists

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12
Q

Huge stones, for burial or spiritual purposes

A

Megaliths

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13
Q

The Stone Age gave way to the time period that scientists call

A

Bronze Age

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14
Q

Excess, of food

A

Surplus

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15
Q

The economic arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job is called

A

Division of labor

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16
Q

Economic decision are made based on custom, tradition, or ritual

A

Traditional economy

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17
Q

A complex and organized society

A

Civilization

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18
Q

Skilled craftspeople, devoted their time to crafts such as basketry, carpentry, metalwork, or pottery

A

Artisans

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19
Q

The spread of ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology from one culture to another

A

Cultural diffusion

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20
Q

Curves between the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian gulf.

A

Fertile Crescent

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21
Q

Greek for “between the rivers”

A

Mesopotamia

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22
Q

A pyramid shaped structure called

A

Ziggurat

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23
Q

A political unit with its own government

A

City-state

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24
Q

The worship of many gods

A

Polytheism

25
Q

Is a series of rulers from one family

A

Dynasty

26
Q

Sumerian writing is called

A

Cuneiform

27
Q

Story of a legendary king

A

Epic of Gilgamesh

28
Q

Created a permanent army, the first ruler to do so

A

Sargon I

29
Q

The Amorite king became king of Babylon

A

Hammurabi

30
Q

Several tribes who spoke related languages

A

Indo-Europeans

31
Q

Or arid grasslands, north of the Black Sea, driven out by drought, conflict, or a lack of resources.

A

Steppes

32
Q

The most famous Chaldean king, was known as both a warrior and as a builder

A

Nebuchadnezzar II

33
Q

Originally nomadic pastoralists, they moved into the desert grassland around the Fertile Crescent between 2000 and 1500 BC.

A

Judaism

34
Q

The most sacred text of Judaism

A

Torah

35
Q

A shepherd, he lived near Ur in Mesopotamia

A

Abraham

36
Q

Solemn promise

A

Covenant

37
Q

Or ancestral “fathers”

A

Patriarchs

38
Q

Born Israelite raised Egyptian

A

Moses

39
Q

Moses led Israelites out of Egypt

A

Exodus

40
Q

The scattering of the Jews outside Judah

A

Diaspora

41
Q

The belief in one god

A

Monotheism

42
Q

A leader that arose in 559BC in Persia

A

Cyrus the grate

43
Q

Governed a region in Persia for the king

A

Satraps

44
Q

Son of Darius I, tried to expand on his fathers success

A

Xerxes

45
Q

New religion based on a man named Zoroaster

A

Zoroastrianism

46
Q

The belief that the world is controlled by two opposing forces, good and evil

A

Dualism

47
Q

Is an area at the mouth of the river, often triangle shaped, made up of silt deposits

A

Delta

48
Q

Rocky stretches marked by swift currents and rapids

A

Cataracts

49
Q

Ruler from upper Egypt conquered the north at least in legend

A

Menes

50
Q

At the head of government was the king, who eventually became known as _______________(means “great house”)

A

Pharaoh

51
Q

A state ruled by religious figures

A

Theocracy

52
Q

A highly structured organization managed by officials

A

Bureaucracy

53
Q

Encouraged trade, one of the few women to rule Egypt

A

Hatshepsut

54
Q

Led his army out to confront the Hittites

A

Ramses the grate

55
Q

Tall, thin pillars with pyramid shaped tops

A

Obelisk

56
Q

The makeing of mummies

A

Mummification

57
Q

Uses picture symbols to represent objects, sounds, and ideas was one of the worlds first writing system

A

Hieroglyphics

58
Q

Is a long passages in ancient writing

A

Rosetta Stone

59
Q

Granted pardons in exchange for favors

A

Piankhi

60
Q

Refine iron from its ore

A

Smelt

World History (14 decks)

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