Chapter 1, 2, and 19 Flashcards
ang nalimatan
Two bacteria that are visible without a microscope
Thiomargarita
Epulopiscium
The investigator who allowed air to enter a flask containing a sterile nutrient solution after the air had passed through a red-hot tube
Theodore Schwann
Investigators who allowed air to enter a
flask of heat-sterilized medium after it had passed through sterile cotton wool. No growth occurred in the medium even though the air had
not been heated.
Georg
Friedrich Schroder
Theodor von Dusch
French naturalis who claimed in 1859 to have carried out experiments conclusively proving that microbial growth could occur without air contamination.
Felix Pouchet
English physicist who dealt a final blow to spontaneous generation in 1877 by demonstrating that
dust did indeed carry germs and that if dust was absent, broth remained sterile even if directly exposed to air; provided evidence for the existence of exceptionally heat-resistant forms of bacteria
John Tyndall
German botanist who discovered the
existence of heat-resistant bacterial endospores.
Ferdinand Cohn
The idea that an imbalance between the four humors (blood, phlegm, yellow bile [choler], and black bile [melancholy]) led to disease had been widely accepted since the time of the Greek physician.
Galen
first showed a
microorganism could cause disease when he demonstrated in
1835 that a silkworm disease was due to a fungal infection
Agostino Bassi
proved that the great Potato Blight
of Ireland was caused by a fungus
M. J. Berkeley
developed a system of antiseptic surgery designed to prevent microorganisms from entering wounds; provided strong indirect evidence for the role of microorganisms in disease because phenol, which killed bacteria, also prevented wound infections.
Joseph Lister
One of Pasteur’s associates who made possible the discovery of viruses and their role in disease when he constructed a porcelain bacterial filter in 1884.
Charles Chamberland
The first viral pathogen to be studied
tobacco mosaic disease virus
The nine-year-old boy who had been bitten by a rabid
dog, brought to Pasteur.
Joseph Meister
injected inactivated toxin into rabbits, inducing them to produce an antitoxin
Emil von Behring
Shibasaburo Kitasato
discovered that some blood leukocytes could
engulf disease-causing bacteria
Elie Metchnikoff
a process where yeast cells were responsible for the conversion of sugars to alcohol
alcoholic fermentation
they studied microbial involvement in the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles taking place in soil and aquatic habitat
Sergei N. Winogradsky
Martinus W. Beijerinck
Russian microbiologist who discovered that soil
bacteria could oxidize iron, sulfur, and ammonia to obtain energy,
and that many bacteria could incorporate CO2 into organic matter much like photosynthetic organisms.
Sergei N. Winogradsky
He isolated the aerobic nitrogenfixing bacterium Azotobacter; a root nodule bacterium also capable of fixing nitrogen (later named Rhizobium); and sulfatereducing bacteria
Martinus W. Beijerinck
