Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the purpose of the textbook?
Bridges scientific research with practical applications and provides evidence-based insights for both researchers and practitioners.
What are nonverbal cues?
Facial expression, gestures, posture, eye contact, proxemics, haptics, appearance, paralanguage.
How does environment/context influence nonverbal messages?
Fast food restaurants use bright colors and well-lit environments to encourage quick eating, while luxury restaurants use dim lighting and soft colors to encourage diners to stay longer.
Example of environmental influence on behavior.
What are the physical characteristics of nonverbal communication?
Appearance or smell, facial appearance, endomorphs (heavier), mesomorphs (muscular), ectomorphs (thin), and Chinese face reading.
What are the properties of nonverbal communication?
Structured rules, intentionality, awareness, covert vs. overt.
What are the differences between nonverbal and verbal communication?
Nonverbal communication differs from verbal communication in various aspects, including expression and interpretation.
What are the functions of nonverbal communication?
Defines communication, regulates verbal communication, and acts as a message itself.
What are the goals of understanding nonverbal communication?
1) Enhance the ability to read people’s motivations, intentions, personality, and emotional states. 2) Importance in various fields: business, healthcare, legal system.
What are cultural differences in nonverbal communication?
Gestures can differ across cultures, haptics differ, and appearance varies widely.
Example: thumbs up is a positive gesture in the U.S., but offensive in Middle Eastern countries.
What are the types of interactions between verbal and nonverbal communication according to Ekman & Friesen (1969)?
1) Substitution, 2) Repetition, 3) Contradiction, 4) Complement, 5) Accent, 6) Regulation.
What is the importance of nonverbal communication?
65% to 95% of messages are communicated nonverbally.
What are historical misconceptions about physical characteristics?
No strong scientific evidence supports body type theories of personality, and facial features do not reliably indicate personality or criminal tendencies.
What is the difference between scientific and practitioner approaches?
Scientific books are research-focused and evidence-based, while practitioner books are experience-based and may misrepresent findings.
What are the applications of nonverbal communication?
Helps in law enforcement (detecting deception), healthcare (patient assessments), and legal systems (jury evaluations).
Why is context important in nonverbal communication?
Context clarifies the meaning of behaviors and prevents misinterpretation; overreading cues without context leads to errors in judgment.
What did Gosling et al. (2002) find about room design?
People form personality judgments based on room design.
