Chapter 1

Question 1

Psychology defined

Answer 1

is the scientific study of thought and behavior

Question 2

Structuralism and the use of introspection

Answer 2

Individuals carefully examine and report their own thoughts and feelings about a given stimulus; essentially looking inward to analyze the structure of the mind

Question 3

Functionalism

Answer 3

William James suggests that the mind”s primary purpose is to help humans adapt to their environment, what do mental states do; rather than where they came from.

Question 4

Nature v. Nurture

Answer 4

Nature: who we are comes from genetics and we are predisposed to certain personality traits and behaviors.
Nurture: we are all the same at birth and are products of our experiences.

Question 5

Evolutionary perspectives

Answer 5

Human thoughts, behaviors, and personalities are based on evolution (natural and sexual selection) over millions of years.

Question 6

Psychoanalytic perspectives

Answer 6

Freud, the importance of early childhood experiences and relationships with parents and the unconscious mind are forces that shape personality development