chapter 1.

Question 1

The state of protection from foreign pathogens and substances (antigens)

Answer 1

Immunity

Question 2

Immunology

Answer 2

studies resistance to infection and mechanisms used by
organisms to defend themselves against microorganisms or foreign particles
(immune response)

Question 3

Foundations of immunolgy are made up of 2 things

Answer 3

cell biology an molecular biology (cells and blood)

Question 4

Explain the difference between extracellular and intracellular organisms

Answer 4

• Extracellular pathogens reside
  outside of the cells of organisms
  they infect
• Intracellular pathogens mainly
  reside within the organism’s cells

Question 5

What do the terms “anatomic” and “chemical substances” refer to when explaining immune responses?

Answer 5

anatomic= skin and mucosal substances

chemical= secreted antimicrobial substances and pH

Question 6

Anatomic and chemical substances are refered to as what line of defense?

Answer 6

First line of defense against pathogens

Question 7

Provide examples to the term “anatomic”

Answer 7

skin, oral mucosa, respiratory, epithelium, intestine

Question 8

Provide examples of complement/antimicrobial proteins

Answer 8

C3, defensins. regally

Question 9

examples of innate immune cells

Answer 9

macrophages, granulocytes, NK cells, and epithelial cells.

Question 10

What are some sensor cells?

Answer 10

macrophages, neutropils, dendritic cells.

Question 11

Examples of inflammatory inducers

Answer 11

Bacterial lipoplysaccharides, ATP, urate crystals,

Question 12

Examples of mediators

Answer 12

cytokines, cytotoxicity

Question 13

target tissue cause the production of

Answer 13

antimicrobial proteins. induction of intracellular antiviral proteins. killing of infected cells.

Question 14

Pathogens fall into four major catergories what are they?

Answer 14

Viruses (intracellular pathogens)
Intracellular bacteria, protozoa, parasaites

extracellular bacteria, parasites, fungi

parasitic worms (extracellular)