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PSYC > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

3 categories of psychology themes

A

Biology, sociocultural, psychology

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2
Q

Cognitive perspective

A

Internal, memory, MENTAL

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3
Q

Behavioral genetics

A

Our behaviors are generally programmed INHERITED

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4
Q

Social cultural

A

Our behavior is downloaded from our culture

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5
Q

Neuroscience

A

Study of the nervous system

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6
Q

Psychodynamic

A

Inner CHILDHOOD events that affect behavior

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7
Q

Behaviorist

A

How are our problematic behaviors reinforced HABITS

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8
Q

Evolutionary

A

Why are humans prone to irrational judgments NATURAL INSTINCT

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9
Q

Hindsight Bias (our natural thinking styles FAIL)

A

The mind builds wisdom on what we’ve already been told

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10
Q

Over confidence error

A

We over estimate our performance. Confidence > accuracy
Familiarly isn’t understanding

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11
Q

Coincidence error

A

Events based on luck do not ‘even’ out. They average
You cannot predict random outcomes
Cannot put meaning to coincidence

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12
Q

How to combat natural thinking styles

A

Curiosity, skepticism, humility

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13
Q

Discovering correlation

A

A measure of how closely related 2 factors vary together.
Run an experiment

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14
Q

Correlation is not causation

A

Strength messed from 0.0-1.0. Higher= closer relationship
Correlation coefficient is the number of reps how close they are to

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15
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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16
Q

Peripheral

A

NERVES
somatic- controls actions
Sympathetic- fight or flight
Parasympathetic- rest and digest

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17
Q

Structure of a Neuron

A

Receiving information constantly from other neurons (electro-chemical messages)

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18
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive messages from other neurons

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19
Q

Axon

A

Pass messages from neuron body

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20
Q

Cell body

A

Life support

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21
Q

Action potential

A

A neutral impulse that travels down a axon like a wave
Only ion exchange moving in and out

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22
Q

When does the cell send the action potential

A

When it reaches a THRESHOLD
THRESHOLD is reached when fire outweighs don’t fire
AP travels down axon
Message must pass the gap called SYNAPES

23
Q

The synapes

A

The function between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.

Action potential tells neurotransmitter to move to the synaptic gap

24
Q

Serotonin

A

Mood, hunger, sleep MHS

25
Q

Dopamine

A

Influences movement

26
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Muscle action, dilates blood vessels (ace ventura)

27
Q

GABA

A

inhibitory

28
Q

Norepinephrine (naughty)

A

Arousal

29
Q

Glutamate

A

Exclamatory

30
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram
Record electrical waves on brains surface

31
Q

PET

A

Position emission tomography
See brains ACTIVITY
Traces radioactive glucose through body

32
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging
Structure only, better than xray

33
Q

FMRI

A

Functional MRI
give structure and activities

34
Q

Medulla

A

Brainstem
Controls hate rate and breathing (mega important)

35
Q

Thalamus

A

Sensory switch board
Gateway to the cortex
All sensory messages except smell
These messages crossover from one side of the body to the other side of the brain

36
Q

Reticular formation

A

Nerve network in brainstem
Alertness, arousal, awakeness

37
Q

Cerebellum

A

Little Brain
Voluntary movement
Non verbal learning
Implicit memory
Cera belly flop

38
Q

Hippocampus

A

Process conscious memory

39
Q

Amydala

A

Emotions- fear, aggression

40
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Bellow thalamus
Regulates body temperature (take a lot of energy)
Ensures correct food and water intake
Sex drive

41
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Endocrine system control
Hormones

42
Q

Cortex (Brain)

A

6layers deep
4 lobes
Wrinkled to have more surface area

43
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Speaking, muscle movement, judgment, plans

44
Q

Pariental lobe

A

Sensory cortex, skin map (please touch me)

45
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual area (back of brain)

46
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Auditory ( by ears) temperature by Sean Paul

47
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Keep brain together
Shares information

48
Q

3 things to remember

A

Each hemisphere controls opposite side of the body (lateralization)
Without the corpus callosum the half’s of the body do not work together
Only the left half of the brain has enough verbal ability to speak

49
Q

Consciousness

A

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment

50
Q

Conscious ‘high’

A

Our minds take deliberate action, we know what we are doing
Problem solving, naming and action

51
Q

Conscious ‘low’

A

Automatic reactions without thought. Walking, processing sensory

52
Q

Blindsight

A

2 tracks of parallel processing

53
Q

Blindsight

A

2 tracks of parallel processing

PSYC (5 decks)

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