Chapter 1 Flashcards
gastr/o
stomach
-itis
inflammation
hyper-
excessive of increased
myel/o
spinal cord
oste/o
bone
my/o
muscle
neur/o
nerve
arthr/o
joint
cyan/o
blue
erythr/o
red
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
poli/o
grey
enter
small intestine
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhaphy
surgical suturing
neuroplasty
the surgical repair of a nerve
neurorrhaphy
suturing together the ends of a severed nerve
tonsill
tonsils
-ectomy
surgical removal
tonsillitis
an inflammation of the tonsils
tonsillectomy
the surgical removal of the tonsils
cranium
portion of the skull that encloses the brain
crani
skull
suffixes as noun endings
-a -um -y -e -us
cardi
heart
suffixes meaning pertaining to
-ac -al -an -ar -ary -eal -ical -ial -ic -ine -ior -ory -ous -tic
cardiac
pertaining to the heart
suffixes meaning abnormal condition or disease
-ago -esis -ia -iasis -ion -ism -osis -pathy
gastrosis
any disease of the stomach
path
disease
-ology
study of
pathology
the study of all aspects of diseases
-algia
pain and suffering
gastralgia
also known as stomach ache, means pain in the stomach
-dynia
also means pain
gastrodynia
also means pain in the stomach
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
-megaly
enlargement
hepat/o
liver
hepatomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the liver
-malacia
abnormal softening
arteri/o
artery
arteriomalacia
the abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries
-necrosis
tissue death
arterionecrosis
the tissue death of an artery or arteries
-sclerosis
abnormal hardening
arteriosclerosis
the abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing
arteriostenosis
the abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries
-centisis
a surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid
abdomin/o
abdomen
abdominocentisis
the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
-graphy
the process of producing a picture or record
angi/o
blood vessel
angiography
the process of producing an x-ray, or radiographic study, of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make the blood vessels visible
-gram
picture or record
angiogram
the resulting film that is produced by angiography
myoplasty
the surgical repair of a muscle
-scopy
visual examination
arthroscopy
the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
-rrhage and -rrhagia
most often used to describe sudden, severe bleeding
hem/o
blood
-rrhage
abnormal excessive fluid discharge
hemorrhage
the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
ten/o
tendon
tenorrhaphy
the surgical suturing of a tendon
-rrhea
means flow or discharge and refers to the flow of most bodily fluids
dia-
through
diarrhea
the frequent flow of loose or watery stools
nat
birth
natal
pertaining to birth
prenatal
the time and events before birth
perinatal
the time and events surrounding birth
postnatal
refers to the time and events after birth
ab-
away from, negative, absent
dextro-
right side
ex-
out of, outside, away from
macro-
large, abnormal size, or long
mega-, megalo-
large, great
pre-
before
ad-
toward, to, in the direction of
sinistro-
left side
in-
in, into, not, without
micro-
small
oligo-
scanty, few
post-
after, behind
abnormal
not normal or away from normal
addiction
means being drawn toward or having a strong dependance on a drug or substance
dys-
means bad, difficult, or painful
eu-
good, normal, well, or easy
dysfunctional
an organ or body part that is not working properly
eupnea
easy or normal breathing
hypo-
deficient or decreased
hypertension
higher than normal blood pressure
hypotension
lower than normal blood pressure
inter-
between or among
intra-
within or inside
interstitial
means between, but not within, the parts of a tissue
intramuscular
means within the muscle
sub-
under, less, or below
subcostal
below a rib or ribs
super-, supra-
above or excessive
supracostal
above or outside the ribs
laryng
larynx or throat
rhin/o
nose
ot/o
ear
otorhinolaryngology
study of ears, nose, and throat
otolaryngology
study of the ears and larynx or throat
lithotomy
a surgical incision for the removal of a stone
lith
stone
-otomy
surgical incision
edema
swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body
appendic
appendix
appendicitis
an inflammation of the appendix
phalanges
the bones of the fingers and toes
sign
is objective evidence of disease, such as a fever. Objective means the sign can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others.
symptom
is subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache. Subjective means that it can be evaluated or measured only by the patient.
syndrome
is a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
diagnosis
is the identification of a disease (plural, diagnoses). To diagnose is the process of reaching a diagnosis.
differential diagnosis
also known as a rule out (R/O), is an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present.
prognosis
is a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease (plural, prognoses).
acute
condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration.
chronic
condition is of long duration. Although such diseases can be controlled, they are rarely cured.
remission
is the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure.
disease
is a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally. Some diseases are named for their signs and symptoms. For example, chronic fatigue syndrome is a persistent, overwhelming fatigue of unknown origin
eponym
is a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first. For example, Alzheimer’s disease is named for German neurologist Alois Alzheimer
acronym
is a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term. For example, the acronym laser stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
ather/o
plaque or fatty substance
-oma
tumor
atheroma
a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery
arthralgia
pain in a joint or joints
appendectomy
the surgical removal of the appendix
-ostomy
the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
colostomy
the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface
col
colon
pyelotomy
a surgical incision into the renal pelvis to remove obstructions such as a kidney stone
pyel/o
the renal pelvis
fissure
a groove or crack-like sore in the skin; also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain
fistula
an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. May be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abscess
ileum
the last and longest portion of the small intestine
ilium
part of the hip bone
meningitis
the cause of the inflammation is an infection
mening
meninges
tendin
tendon
infection
the invasion of the body by a pathogenic (disease-producing) organism
malaise
a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease
exudate
any fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound
inflammation
a localized response to an injury or to the destruction or tissues
erythema
redness
hyperthermia
heat
edema
swelling
laceration
a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut
lesion
a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
mucous
describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities
mucus
refers to the fluid secreted by mucous membranes
myc/o
fungus
mycosis
abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
myelopathy
any injury, degeneration or disease in the spinal cord
myopathy
any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue
dermatologist
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
dermat
skin
-ologist
specialist
neonatology
the study of disorders of the newborn
neo-
new
palpation
an examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
palpitation
a pounding or racing heart
py/o
pus
pyelitis
an inflammation of the renal pelvis
pyoderma
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection
pyr/o
fever or fire
pyrosis
also known as heartburn, is discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus
supination
the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
suppuration
is the formation of pus
triage
the medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment
trauma
wound or injury
viral
pertaining to a virus
vir
virus or poison
virile
having the nature, properties, or qualities or an adult male
