Chapter 1 Flashcards
Terminology, positioning, and imaging principles (109 cards)
What are the four basic types of tissue in the human body?
connective, muscular, nervous, and epithelial
How many bones are in the body?
206
Which of the following systems distributes oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body?
circulatory
Which of the following systems maintains the acid-base balance in the body?
urinary
Which of the following systems is considered to be the largest organ system in the body?
integumentary
The two divisions of the human skeleton are _____ and ______________.
axial and appendicular
Which portion of the long bones is responsible for the production of red blood cells?
spongy or cancellous
What type of tissue covers the ends of the long bones?
hyaline or articular cartilage
What bones make up the axial skeleton? and how many?
skull, vertebral column, sternum, ribs
80
The narrow space between the inner and outer table of the flat bones in the cranium is called the ______.
diploe
What is the primary center for endochondral ossification in long bones?
diaphysis (body)
What bones make up the appendicular skeleton? and how many?
limbs, shoulder and pelvic girdles
126
What is the name of the secondary growth centers of endochondral ossification found in long bones?
epiphyses
The aspect of long bones where bone growth in length occurs is the:
metaphysis
short bone examples:
tarsals and carpals
long bone examples:
femur, humerus
flat bone examples:
sternum, scapulae, calvarium, ribs
irregular bone examples:
vertebrae, pelvic bones, facial bones, limbs
plane (gliding) joints do what?
slide or glide
ginglymus (hinge) joints do what?
permit flexion and extension
pivot (trochoidal) joints do what?
allow rotational movement around a single axis
ellipsoidal (condyloid) joints do what?
allow limited rotation (flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and circumduction)
saddle (sellar) joints do what?
allow movement of extension/flexion, adduction/abduction, and circumduction
ball and socket (spheroidal) joints do what?
allow for greatest freedom of motion around many number of axes, w one common center