Chapter 07: Intra + Intersexual selection

Question 1

sexual selection

Answer 1

selection for traits that increase reproductive success

Question 2

if you survive but do not reproduce you are considered to have what?

Answer 2

0 direct fitness

Question 3

INTRA sexual selection

Answer 3

selection within a sex (M vs M) or (F vs F)

Question 4

INTER sexual selection

Answer 4

selection between the sexes m and f choice

Question 5

sexual dimorphisms

Answer 5

sexes show distinct differences
ex. male vs female lions

Question 6

what are some prevention tactics of mating males?

Answer 6

-mate guarding
-plugging female genetals after mating

Question 7

cuckoldry

Answer 7

tricking a male into raising another male’s offspring

Question 8

parental males

Answer 8

Build nest for future eggs, often accidentally try to mate with satellite males

Question 9

sneaker males

Answer 9

Wait for their chance then drop in sperm to be fertilized, usually don’t raise their young

Question 10

satellite males

Answer 10

Mimic females; try to sneak mate,

Question 11

satellite and sneaker males ______ with females but_________

Answer 11

mate, don’t raise their own young

Question 12

what is a trait of parental males?

Answer 12

they build nests for future eggs

Question 13

how do sneaker males work during mating?

Answer 13

when the female enters the nest during spawing, the sneaker males race in and drop sperm to fertilize

Question 14

how can females affect the chances of males mating?

Answer 14

they can increase the chances of dominant males being successful

Question 15

how have females made their choosing more prominat?

Answer 15

they have adaptations and behaviors that have determined/ made it harder for who gets to fertilize their egg

Question 16

how do males aquire mates?

Answer 16

courtship dances, bright colors, ornaments

Question 17

bateman’s principle

Answer 17

males compete, females choose

Question 18

anisogamy

Answer 18

different sized gametes

Question 19

what is the difference in male vs female gametes?

Answer 19

males produce cheap sperm, while females produce costly eggs

Question 20

small gametes

Answer 20

selected for mobility

Question 21

large gametes

Answer 21

selected for more recources for embryo

Question 22

why do females tend to prefer flashy, but detrimental traits in males?

Answer 22

more attractive, higher fitness in males, get female’s attention, might indicate better genes

Question 23

fecundity

Answer 23

number of offspring an individual can produce

Question 24

what are direct benefits a male can provide a female?

Answer 24

protection, food, shelter, parental care

Question 25

nuptial gifts

Answer 25

food or substance to induce copulation with a female

Question 26

good genes hypothesis

Answer 26

females choose mates with the best genes

Question 27

why would females choose mates with good genes?

Answer 27

increase fitness, provide females with indirect benefits

Question 28

what are some examples of traits that indicate mates with high quality traits?

Answer 28

size, stronger, colors, flashy ornaments

Question 29

costly traits

Answer 29

traits that are harder to produce/ fake

Question 30

carotenoids

Answer 30

pigments in plants that give animals more pigment

Question 31

sensory bias and exploitation

Answer 31

females prefer some specific male trait due to a pre-existing bias, this does not indicate the importance of the trait

Question 32

tricromatic vision

Answer 32

3 colors, can distingush between red/ orange/ green

Question 33

primates prefer ____ food

Answer 33

red

Question 34

sexual selection in females

Answer 34

males choose females and females choose meales

Question 35

males will pick females with more ______

Answer 35

flashy oranaments

Question 36

polyandry

Answer 36

1 female has many mates, male incubates the eggs

Question 37

sexual imprinting

Answer 37

can learn who to mate with + specific mate preferances

Question 38

mate choice copying

Answer 38

socially learned behavior

Question 39

lekking behavior

Answer 39

males defend small areas (leks) where they display to females

Question 40

What is displacement behavior in males?

Answer 40

Males fight and displace other males, larger male wins