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Chapter 02 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Community policing reemerged in 1980s as an (__) to traditional policing emphasizing (__ __) between police and the neighborhoods they serve.
A

(alternative) (close interaction)

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3
Q
  1. In many ways, especially for people in poverty, the police are the agency of:
A

First and last resort.

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4
Q
  1. Makes it difficult to define community policing strategy in formal terms.
A

Diversity of communities.

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5
Q
  1. Agency leaders emphasize decentralization by allowing (__-__ __) to make decisions and help solve problems that directly affect citizen’s lives in a (__ __).
A

(line–level officers) (particular neighborhood)

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6
Q
  1. Recognize crime control (law enforcement) is only one function of the police when using the community policing strategy.
A

Agency leaders

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7
Q
  1. Community policing-Problem identification methods:
A
  1. Citizen surveys.
  2. Demographic and statistical information.
  3. Dialogue with community leaders.
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8
Q
  1. Balances reactive responses to calls for service with proactive problem solving centered on the causes of crime and disorder.
A

Community policing model

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9
Q
  1. Police and citizens join together as partners, they forge a more intimate relationship than with the traditional approach.
A

Community policing.

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10
Q
  1. Community policing may work differently in different communities, dependent on…
A

what their shared values are.

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11
Q
  1. These characteristics of community policing create advantages, including meaningful communication between citizens and line officers as well as increased communication between line officers and their…
A

immediate superiors, leading to greater confidence in all agency members.

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12
Q
  1. Unlike traditional policing, community policing is..
A

proactive rather than reactive.

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13
Q
  1. Once the problem is identified, the (__) and (__) then develop solutions, implement them, and (__) their effectiveness.
A

(agency) (community) (evaluate)

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14
Q
  1. Community policing key elements: Between police/public there exists:
A
  • bonds of trust.

- collaboration.

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15
Q
  1. Community policing occurs every time police officers meet with community members to…
A

discuss and resolve community-based concerns.

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16
Q
  1. This mentality often erodes communication and in some cases sparks civil unrest.
A

“Us versus them”

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17
Q
  1. Community policing occurs every time solutions are customized to fit the..
A

unique needs and circumstances of a community.

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18
Q
  1. Community policing recognizes that (__ __) should not be viewed in the same light as chronic (__ __).
A

(responsible citizens) (criminal offenders)

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19
Q
  1. Can generate insights to help a police agency strengthen it’s community policing efforts.
A

Internal and external surveys

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20
Q
  1. Represents the tactical implementation of community policing.
A

Problem oriented policing strategy

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21
Q
  1. The practical application of community policing involves…
A

Citizens and police working together to be tougher on crime.

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22
Q
  1. Real distinctions between officers and those they serve can cause this understandable mentality to arise.
A

“Us verses them”

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23
Q
  1. The most visible and readily available representative government.
A

The police

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24
Q
  1. In order to combat community policing problems, police agency members and citizens must strive to cultivate a strong sense of…
A

community in which all share responsibility for reducing and preventing crime and disorder.

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25
Q
  1. Use of tools such as surveys can help generate information needed to fine tune an agency’s:
A

Community policing practices.

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26
Q
  1. Maintaining citizens’ confidence in police by responding when police forward citizen complaints/concerns…this kind of cross agency collaboration requires…
A

Effective leadership by the police.

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27
Q
  1. The tactical implementation of community policing.
A

Problem oriented policing

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28
Q
  1. According to this strategy, problems differ from incidents.
A

Problem oriented policing strategy.

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29
Q
  1. A single occurrence requiring a response from police.
A

Incident

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30
Q
  1. Problem oriented police officers and managers appreciate problems’ significance to community, and prioritizes by it’s importance:
A
  1. to community-Top priority
  2. to police agency-Next-level priority
  3. frequency of occurrence-Next priority
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31
Q
  1. Outward orientation
A

Using external criteria such as an agency’s impact on chronic problems in the community.

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32
Q
  1. Develop/implement solutions to problem.
A

Respond

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33
Q
  1. Reviewing crime reports, field intel reports, and citizen interviews to determine problem.
A

Scan

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34
Q
  1. Evaluate efficiency/effectiveness of response.
A

Assess

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35
Q
  1. Gather and examine info about the problem.
A

Analyze

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36
Q
  1. Type of crimes: prostitution, loitering, minor drug offenses, and panhandling.
A

Quality of life.

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37
Q
  1. Skills required by police officers using problem oriented policing strategy.
A

Engaging citizens groups, thinking critically, analyzing situations, communicating effectively, assessing usefulness of responses to problems.

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38
Q
  1. Used to address crime/disorder problems affecting broad territories and resolve a wide variety of specific community problems.
A

Problem oriented policing strategy.

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39
Q
  1. Problem oriented police officers and managers may also categorize Incidents according to:
A 
crime type
nature of crime
geography (neighborhood)
time
people involved (suspects/victims).
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40
Q
  1. Founder of modern concept of problem oriented policing.
A

Herman Goldstein

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41
Q
  1. Herman Goldstein suggests police agencies interested in problem oriented policing strategy should shift from…
A

inward orientation to an outward orientation.

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42
Q
  1. The occurrence of two or more incidents of a similar nature.
A

Problem

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43
Q
  1. Goldstein thus advocates attention to…
A

effectiveness over efficiency.

44
Q
  1. Agencies using the problem oriented policing strategy place less emphasis on statistics and more emphasis on…
A

Initiatives designed to eliminate problems.

45
Q
  1. The SARA problem solving model, police and community members progress through four steps:
A
  1. Scan
  2. Analyze
  3. Respond
  4. Assess
46
Q
  1. Inward orientation
A

Using internal evaluation criteria such as number of sworn officers.

47
Q
  1. Two examples of “Community policing” in action involving the use of police officer teams to address issues and help residents resolve issues on a small scale.
A

“Team policing” and “neighborhood policing”

48
Q
  1. Both
A

“Team policing” and “neighborhood policing”

49
Q
  1. One of the most commonly used approaches in problem oriented policing.
A

SARA problem-solving model.

50
Q
  1. Success of these practices hinges on quality of personal encounters between officers and residents.
A

“Team policing” and “neighborhood policing”

51
Q
  1. Where “Team policing” and “neighborhood policing” resulted in little reduction in crime, positive interactions between the police and public still…
A

markedly decreased residents’ fear of crime.

52
Q
  1. Intelligence-led policing integrates…
A

“problem oriented policing” and “zero-tolerance policing”

53
Q
  1. Strategy where police continuously analyze incidents in recent past and develop action plans for addressing the problem.
A

Intelligence-led policing

54
Q
  1. Integrates problem oriented policing and zero-tolerance policing through continuous analyze of info about problems and the development of action plans to resolve problems.
A

Intelligence-led policing

55
Q
  1. Used by agencies emphasizing “intelligence led policing strategy” to analyze data.
A

CompStat
GIS (Geo Info Systems)
Frequent mtgs

56
Q
  1. GIS management systems are used to pinpoint responsibility and accountability for police:
A

efficiency
effectiveness
overall performance

57
Q
  1. (GIS) technology Is used to (__), (__), and respond quickly to (__ __) of crime and disorder.
A

(identify) (analyze) (reported incidents)

58
Q
  1. CompStat aims to reduce crime through a specific (__) of (__).
A

(series) (actions)

59
Q
  1. Identify crime and disorder problems in the community.
A

Scan

60
Q
  1. With intelligence led policing two or more incidents of a similar nature can indicate a…
A

trend toward a major problem.

61
Q
  1. Obtaining and processing the information that makes intelligence led policing a possibility is a (__) (__-__) process.
A

(cyclical) (five-step)

62
Q
  1. Step 1: Intelligence led policing.
A

Identify crime parameters, develop questions, define priorities for collecting raw data and determine how they will be analyzed.

63
Q
  1. Step 3:Intelligence led policing
A

Analyzed data collected and format them as reports, briefings, and other presentations.

64
Q
  1. CompStat: Gathering of accurate and timely intelligence is done through:
A

Direct observation, surveys, and other sources.

65
Q
  1. Step 2: Intelligence led policing
A

Review existing intelligence and collect new (raw) data.

66
Q
  1. One great strength of intelligence led policing is the opportunity to:
A

Intercept troubling trends early.

67
Q
  1. Five steps to intelligence led policing.
A

1: Identify crime parameters.
2: Review existing intelligence.
3: Analyze data.
4: Disseminate intelligence.
5: Gather feedback.

68
Q
  1. Can be implemented simultaneously with strategies such as traditional and community policing.
A

Intelligence-led policing

69
Q
  1. Requires daily accountability for demonstrating results, and strong partnerships between the police and the community.
A

Intelligence-led policing strategy

70
Q
  1. The challenge of this strategy are its demands a high level of technological sophistication to gather and analyze detailed, timely, and accurate information.
A

Intelligence-led policing strategy

71
Q
  1. The strategy requires unit commanders must know about event trends emerging during the past few weeks and have a detailed plan for addressing problems.
A

Intelligence-led policing strategy

72
Q
  1. Requires unit commanders be available on a daily basis to present incident data from the previous 24 hours.
A

Intelligence-led policing strategy

73
Q
  1. Agencies adopting strategic policing start by establishing goals informed by crime/disorder trends, directives from a chief or mayor, or community input, then…
A

develop strategies, influenced by priorities of stakeholders, for achieving goals.

74
Q
  1. Step 4: Intelligence led policing
A

Disseminate intelligence to appropriate individuals for review and storage in database.

75
Q
  1. Strategic policing IS an (__) of community policing.
A

(ingredient)

76
Q
  1. Strategic policing CAN be an (__) of community policing.
A

(element)

77
Q
  1. Strategic policing is an ingredient of community policing and seeks to integrate proven private and public-sector organizational mgmt techniques with…
A

public policing strategy

78
Q
  1. Community policing strategy allocates police (__) in accordance with (__) priorities.
A

(resources) (community)

79
Q
  1. This strategy emphasizes high visibility in the neighborhood.
A

Community policing.

80
Q
  1. Emphasizes high visibility in the neighborhood.
A

Community policing

81
Q
  1. Emphasizes rapport with the community.
A

Community policing

82
Q
  1. Emphasizes fewer arrests due to the more proactive (preventive) role of the police.
A

Community policing

83
Q
  1. Emphasizes decentralization of the police organizational command structure.
A

Community policing

84
Q
  1. Calls for visionary incorporation of established police operations into a broader mission focus on peacekeeping and prevention of crime.
A

Strategic policing

85
Q
  1. To use strategic policing, an agency must (__) plans, identify (__ __) objectives and outcome (__), make effective/efficient delivery of services a (__) priority.
A

(develop) (key performance) (indicators) (top)

86
Q
  1. To use Strategic policing an agency must also establish (__ __) with the community to address (__), prosecute criminals, and (__) crime.
A

(strong alliances) (disorder) (prevent)

87
Q
  1. To use strategic policing, the agency must shift from a culture of (__) and (__) compliance to one of self-motivation, (__), and (__) ownership of problems and solutions.
A

(reaction) (blind) (empowerment) (neighborhood)

88
Q
  1. Everything within the agency, objectives, rewards, training, communications, must align behind agreed-upon strategies.
A

Strategic policing strategy.

89
Q
  1. SWOT analysis can help a (__) agency focus on the (__) problem and select the right solution – thus creating (__) for the community it serves.
A

(policing) (right) (value)

90
Q
  1. Through SWOT analysis, agency personnel assess the following:
A

Strengths.
Weaknesses.
Opportunities.
Threats.

91
Q
  1. SWOT category: resources/capabilities, may include community reputation, and it’s highly trained personnel.
A

Strengths

92
Q
  1. SWOT category: vulnerabilities, reduced financial resources due to budget cuts or high attrition of personnel.
A

Weaknesses

93
Q
  1. SWOT category: changes outside agency presenting possibilities for enhancing efficiency or effectiveness. ie- new software to track crime data, heightened interest of residents to forge partnerships.
A

Opportunities

94
Q
  1. SWOT category: developments outside agency may impede smooth operation/ability to serve community. ie- City Council voting to reduce authorized personnel.
A

Threats

95
Q
  1. Through SWOT analysis, (__ __) combine strengths and opportunities to move the agency forward in a (__ __).
A

(police managers) (productive direction)

96
Q
  1. SWOT analysis: By recognizing the presence of threats and weaknesses, (__ __) can take steps to (__) or (__) vulnerabilities.
A

(agency management) (mitigate) (eliminate)

97
Q
  1. Suggests police officers are more than first responders and should be evaluated on more than # of arrests or reports.
A

Strategic policing

98
Q
  1. Requires managers and employees to understand strategic plans, agency goals, performance measures, underlying causes of problems, and timeline for implementation of strategic initiatives.
A

Strategic policing

99
Q
  1. Enables agencies to fulfill mission, realize mandates, adapt to changing community concerns thus improving effectiveness.
A

Strategic policing

100
Q
  1. This strategy enhances efficiency by enabling agency to focus limited resources on key priorities-thus extracting more value from those resources.
A

Strategic policing

101
Q
  1. Strategic policing strategy fosters learning by prompting (__ __) to define goals and (__) progress toward those goals.
A

(agency leaders) (evaluate)

102
Q
  1. Strategic policing cons - “They” need to master the skills of strategic planning and thinking.
A

Strategic policing agency managers and employees.

103
Q
  1. Strategic policing cons - Developing the skills for strategic planning and (__) takes (__) and (__)–resources that can be in short supply.
A

(thinking) (time) (investment)

104
Q

46.To be effective, everything within the agency must align behind agreed-upon strategies.

A

Strategic policing strategy.

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