Chapt 17-Psychopharmacology Flashcards
Antidepressants
depression
mood stabilizers
labile mood
hypnotics
sleep disturbances
anxiolystic
anxiety
antipsychotics and major tranquilizers
psychotic thinking/agitation
cognitive enhancers
dementia
psychostimulants
attention deficit
What are common antidepressants?
TCA’s - tricylic antidepressants
atypical antidepressants
monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
type of antidepressant that: are slow to work but can help elevate mood, improve appetite, sleep patterns, and increase physical activity
Side affects include: sedation, dry mouth, blurred vision, and confusion
-unlikely to be abused but an overdose can be fatal
names: Tofranil, Norpramin, Elavil, Pamelor
TCA’s
type of antidepressant that: developed in the 1970s and 1980s to overcome the disadvantages of TCA’s
- names: Ludiomil, Asendin (amoxapine), Desyrel (trazadone)
- have fewer disadvantages than TCAs
Atypical antidepressants
type of antidepressant that: have life threatening side effects when combined with foods that contain tyramine- by product of fermentation
- must avoid foods like aged cheese, wines, beers, liver, some beans, and soybeans.
- considered safe despite the restrictions- safer than TCAs
- tx of choice for those who respond poorly to TCAs or SSRIs
MAOIs
type of antidepressant that: developed when the discovery of the correlation between diminshed amounts of seratonin and episodes of depression
- block the reuptake of serotonin from the nerve- increases the amount of available seratonin in the body
- improve mood and have few side effects
- common names: Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, Anafranil, Effexor, Luvox, and Celexa
- side effects: headache, upset stomach, sexual dysfunction, nervousness, and insomnia.
- can also be used for panic disorder and social phobias in both adults and children
SSRIs
What type of medication is used for labile mood?
- mood stabilizer
- used for bipolar disorder
- high levels can be toxic/patients must be followed closely
- patients need to be highly motivated
- other names: Depakote or Tegretol can be added
Lithium
What type of medication is used for sleep disturbances?
Benzodiazepines
Benzos can also treat? and is the most common med to treat
anxiety disorders
Names of Benzos?
Dalmane, Restoril and Halcion
Can addiction and withdrawal occur if someone is taking Benzos?
YES
Names of anxiety Benzos?
Valium, Xanax, and Librium
Antipsychotic medications are also referred to as?
neuroleptics
Most commonly used neuroleptic and for the tx of psyhosis?
Phenothiazines
- Thorazine, Stelazine, Mellaril, Prolixin
- should be monitored closely by psychiatrist or NP
What side effect can occur while on phenothiazines?
extrapyramidal symtoms (EPS) -slowed movements, fixed facial expression, termors, and parkinsonian-like gait
Other medications as alternatives to phenothiazines?
Haldol, Risperdal, Clozaril, Zyprexa, and Seroquel
-less side effects
Names of medications for the treatment of ADHD?
Ritalin, Dexedrine or Cylert
infection with the human immonodeficiency virus (HIV)- slow growing virus that often has a delay between the time of infection and the onset of symptoms
-long term illness
AIDS
What type of Milan systemic approach is thought to be useful for a patient dealing with AIDS?
circular questioning
-can help families consider the choices ahead
What are the most common STDs?
Gonorrhea Chlamydia Syphillis Herpes Genral Warts Trichomoniasis
How can therapists help an individual, family, or couple work through an STD?
- coping
- education/obtaining information
- informing current sex partners/potential sex partners
