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MFT Exam Prep > Chapt 14- Human Development > Flashcards

Chapt 14- Human Development Flashcards

1
Q

Term: an enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself

A

Personality

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2
Q

term: prominent aspects of personality that are exhibited in a wide range of important and personal contexts

A

personality traits

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3
Q

“goal of human behavior is simply to reduce the tension created by the accumulation of too much energy and to restore a state of equilibrium…” Who said..?

A

Freud

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4
Q

Human sexual energy is referred to as..?

A

libido

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5
Q

human behavior then is motivated by the need to satisfy innate drives or …?

A

Eros -life force sexual expression

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6
Q

Freud refers “death instinct, aggressive tendencies as what?

A

Thantos

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7
Q

What are the 5 psychosexual development?

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital

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8
Q

What are the 3 parts of personality according to Freud?

A

id, ego, and superego

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9
Q

term: the oldest and original function of the personality and the basis of the other two
- operates according to the pleasure principle
- motivated by seeking immediate gratification; impulsive, irrational, and reflecive

A

Id

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10
Q

term: mediating between the id and the environment
- is the executive of the personality and follows the reality principle; can initiate or delay gratification of the sexual drive

A

Ego

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11
Q

term: last structure to develop, introjected and internalized values, ideals, and moral standards of society
- consists of the conscience and the ego-ideal
- strives for perfection, crates feelings of guilt

A

Superego

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12
Q

For a mature, healthy, adult….Freud pointed out that what governs what?

A

ego governs and controls the id and the superego

-constant battle to maintain a balance between the needs of the drives and the demands of the world

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13
Q

What did Freud believe in how personality disorders developed?

A

the id or the superego gaining control

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14
Q

What did Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stages focus on?

A

adds to the impact of society and also extended development in mature adulthood

  • each stage has a “crisis” or developmental task
  • personality traits arise out of difficulties at the various stages
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15
Q

What are the 8 psychosocial stages of Erik Erikson’s theory?

A
  1. oral sensory
  2. muscular-anal
  3. locomotor-genital
  4. latency
  5. puberty and adolescence
  6. young adulthood
  7. adulthood
  8. maturity
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16
Q

What is the developmental task for oral sensory?

A

basic trust vs. mistrust

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17
Q

what is the developmental task for muscular -anal?

A

autonomy vs shame and doubt

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18
Q

What is the developmental task for locomotor-genital?

A

initiative vs. guilt

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19
Q

What is the developmental task for latency?

A

industry vs. inferiority

20
Q

what is the developmental task for puberty and adolescence?

A

identity vs. role confustion

21
Q

What is the developmental task for young adult hood?

A

intimacy vs. isolation

22
Q

what is the developmental task for adulthood?

A

generativity vs. stagnation

23
Q

what is the developmental task for maturity?

A

ego identity vs. despair

24
Q

What is Carl Jung theory on personality?

A

believed personality is a network of interacting systems that strive toward eventual harmony

25
Q

What are the primary structural components of Carl Jungs personality theory?

A
  • ego- conscious perception of self
  • personal unconscious
  • collective unconscious
26
Q

term: the residue of human evolutionary development shared by all people and consisting of archetype or universal thought forms and potential ways of being

A

collective unconscious

27
Q

term: “penetrate into consciousness by means of myths, dreams, art, ritual, and symptoms..”

A

archetypes

28
Q

What did Alfred Adler believe about personalities?

A

that people’s personalities are shaped by their need to belong and to be recognized
-develop a subjective understanding of what the world is like

29
Q

Adler believed that neurosis resulted due to?

A

unrealistic goals, overcompensation for feelings of inferiority, and lack of social interest

30
Q

Karen Horney stated that personality is formed as …?

A

people develop defenses to permit them to cope and to minimize basic anxiety

  • anxiety is created by social forces rather than by the human
  • feelings of rejection, worthlessness, and hostility results in basic anxiety..
31
Q

term: accepting feelings of helplessness and becoming compliant to win the affection of others

A

moving toward

32
Q

term: accepting the enviro as hostile and rebelling against others to maintain control and protect oneself from harm

A

moving against

33
Q

term: accepting little in common with others and isolating oneself to minimize the anxiety of having to interact with others

A

moving away

34
Q

Harry Sullivan suggested that personality is the characteristic ways in which an individual deals with …?

A

other people in his/her interpersonal relationships

35
Q

term: a pattern of energy transformation that characterizes an individuals interpersonal relations
ex: fear stems from earlier interactions in which the child was made to feel unsafe..

A

dynamisms

36
Q

term: a group of feelings, attitudes, and thoughts that have arisen out of ones interpersonal experiences

A

personifications

37
Q

behavioral therapy focuses on the understanding the connections between _____ and _____?

A

stimulus and a subsequent response (S-R)

-then manipulates reinforcement controlling the targeted behavior

38
Q

type of therapy that consider cognitions to be an intervening variable between a stimulus and a response

A

CBT

39
Q

Who were the major figures associated with CBT?

A

Skinner, Beck, Ellis, Bandura, Wolpe and Mechienbaum

40
Q

Term: events classified by McGoldrick and Carter as : marriage, birth of a child, child entering school, child entering adolescence, child launched in to adulthood, retirement, and birth of a grandchild

A

Normative events

41
Q

Term: events classified by Mcgoldrick and Carter: can occur frequently but not universally
miscarriage, marital separation, divorce, illness, disability, relocation of households, changes in SES, extrinsic catastrophe

A

Paraormative events

42
Q

Type of family stress model that attempted to explain the differences in reactions to a stressful event among families
A- the stressor
B-the family’s crisis-meeting resources
C-definition the family gives to the stressor
X- the crisis

A

ABC-X family crisis model

43
Q

term: a relatively stable predisposition to behave in a certain way..presumed to stay with the person…
- internal qualities, which are not directly observable

A

traits

44
Q

Humanistic psychologist, Carl Rogers, goal of therapy is to?

A

remove the obstacles that impede the individuals growth

-every client will develop his/her own full potential

45
Q

Primary tool for Carl Rogers, client centered therapy is what?

A

is the attitude of the therapist toward the client

  • has a genuine sense of caring, respect, and valuation
  • client feels understood
  • unconditional postive regard
  • empathy
  • helps clients develop congruence between his/her perception of his/her real self and ideal self
46
Q

Behavioral therapist, like Skinner and Watson, focus on what in therapy?

A

on the clients current maladaptive behaviors and the antecedents and reinforces that maintain it
-they place little value on clients history

47
Q

CBT therapists help clients?

A

become aware of the cognitive processes that contribute to their maladaptive behaviors/disturbed mood

  • take responsibility for their problems
  • treat their assumptions as hypotheses rather than facts
  • build skills for successful interactions

MFT Exam Prep (31 decks)

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