chap6

Question 1

Social structure?

Answer 1

social structures are patterned relationships that differentially rank or distribute individuals according to socially evaluated characteristics related to privilege and power

Question 2

Age structure?

Answer 2

socially structured relations among individuals and age cohorts, and they create structural ­level processes, such as cohort flow, intergenerational transfers of wealth

Question 3

social positions are assigned based on which attributes?

Answer 3

either ascribed attributes (race, gender, ethnicity) or achieved attributes (class, age, education), all of which represent social constructs

Question 4

cumulative inequality theory?

Answer 4

unequal or disadvantaged status and the accumulation of risk early in life can contribute to unequal situations and hardships later in life.

Question 5

feminization of later life?

Answer 5

gender differences are further magnified because women followed dif­ferent life trajectories at work, at leisure, and in the family; and they experienced differ­ent lifestyles from those of men.

Question 6

name the concepts that influence age structure across the life coarse?

Answer 6

: “cohort,” “generation,” and “generational unit”

Question 7

generational units?

Answer 7

each generation may include subgroups with different world views or with a unique group consciousness, such as university students compared to people of the same age working in blue­ collar occupations

Question 8

cohort analysis?

Answer 8

refers to the use of quantitative or qualitative methods to study the characteristics of, or meanings associated with, a specific birth cohort, whether for a single year or for a 5­ to 10­year period, as it moves across the life course/ use to study social change and stability over time.