chap 9 part 1 Flashcards
exemplars work best for/prototypes work best for
exemplars=small categories prototypes=large
typicality effect
ability to judge prototypes more quickly
concept
mental representative or a class of things (cat)
exemplars
all members of a category someone have previously encountered
exemplar approach to categorization
determine if an object is similar to other objects by considering lots of exemplars of members of that category
exemplar
a member of a category (Zeppelin = cat)
3 levels of categories
1) Global (3 items)–superordinate
2) Basic (9 items)
3) Specific (10.3 items)–subordinate
sentence verification technique
say a sentence and subjects say if its true or false. prototypical objects have faster response time. (ex: apple is fruit. pomegranate is fruit)
definitional approach to categorization
categorizing by definition, does not work
high/low typicality
how closely a category member resembles the prototype
production frequency
typical exemplars are produced more frequently
attribute
a predicate or property of a thing
The Prototype Approach
- category has an “average” prototype, things are compared to this prototype to see if they fit it category
- Rosch experiment with objects judged on scale 1-7 if they fit in category (1=fits category, 7=doesnt)
priming
presentation of one stimulus affects responses to a stimulus that follows
difference between exemplar and prototype approach
exemplar is an actual object, not an abstract “average” of characteristics object like with prototype
