Chap 6/9

Question 1

What is the purpose of the curvature of long bones?

Answer 1

Provides strength and helps distribute weight evenly to withstand stress without breaking. Enhances shock absorption.

Question 2

Name three examples of long bones.

Answer 2

• Femur
• Humerus
• Tibia

Question 3

Name three examples of short bones.

Answer 3

• Carpals
• Tarsals

Question 4

Name three examples of flat bones.

Answer 4

• Sternum
• Scapula
• Ribs

Question 5

What is a sesamoid bone? Provide an example.

Answer 5

A bone embedded within a tendon. Example: Patella.

Question 6

What is the function of a foramen?

Answer 6

Allowing the passage of blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments.

Question 7

What is an example of a foramen in the skull?

Answer 7

Foramen magnum.

Question 8

What are the components of the axial skeleton?

Answer 8

• Skull
• Vertebral column
• Rib cage

Question 9

What are the components of the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 9

• Pectoral girdle
• Pelvic girdle
• Limbs

Question 10

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 10

7 (C1-C7)

Question 11

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 11

12 (T1-T12)

Question 12

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 12

5 (L1-L5)

Question 13

How many vertebrae make up the sacrum?

Answer 13

1

Question 14

How many vertebrae make up the coccyx?

Answer 14

1

Question 15

What are true ribs?

Answer 15

Ribs 1-7 that directly articulate with the sternum.

Question 16

What are false ribs?

Answer 16

Ribs 8-10 that indirectly articulate with the sternum via cartilage.

Question 17

What are floating ribs?

Answer 17

Ribs 11-12 that do not articulate with the sternum.

Question 18

What bones are included in the pectoral girdle?

Answer 18

• Clavicle
• Scapula

Question 19

Name the regions and structures of the humerus.

Answer 19

• Head
• Greater tubercle
• Lesser tubercle
• Deltoid tuberosity
• Capitulum
• Trochlea
• Olecranon fossa

Question 20

What are the names of the carpals in the proximal row?

Answer 20

• Scaphoid
• Lunate
• Triquetrum
• Pisiform

Question 21

What are the names of the carpals in the distal row?

Answer 21

• Trapezium
• Trapezoid
• Capitate
• Hamate

Question 22

What structures are found in the ischium?

Answer 22

• Ischial spine
• Ischial tuberosity
• Lesser sciatic notch

Question 23

Types of joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Answer 23

Fibrous: Immovable (e.g., sutures in the skull).
• Cartilaginous: Slightly movable (e.g., intervertebral discs).
• Synovial: Freely movable, with joint cavities and synovial fluid (e.g., knee, shoulder).