Chap 6

Question 1

Which 3 brain regions are unaffected by the blood-brain barrier ?

Answer 1

1. the pineal gland
2. the pituitary
3. the post term

Question 2

What is metabolic vs cellular tolerance ?

Answer 2

metabolic
- the number of enzymes needed to break down a substance increases the more a substance is ingested
cellular
- the cell activities that work to minimize the effects of a toxin

Question 3

What are the 5 categories of drugs

Answer 3

1. anti-anxiety agents
2. anti-psychotic agents
3. anti-depressants and mood stabilizers
4. Opioids
5. Pschyotropics

Question 4

Give examples of each type of drug

Answer 4

1. anti-anxiety: benzodiazepines
2. anti-psychotics: FGA’s
3. anti-depressants: SSRI’s
4. Opioids: heroin, morphine
5. psychotropics: cocaine, caffeine, meth

Question 5

What is the anhedonia hypothesis ?

Answer 5

addiction occurs due to the pleasurable and euphoric experience they produce

Question 6

What is the wanting-and-liking theory

Answer 6

there is a separate brain system for wanting and for liking, therefore even when the liking wears off, the wanting system persists

Question 7

Describe the hierarchical control of hormones

Answer 7

1. the hypothalamus responds to sensory stimuli and produces hormones sent to the pituitary
2. the pituitary responds, creates hormones and they enter the blood stream
3. these hormones stimulate the endocrine glands to release their own hormones that will stimulate the brain

Question 8

what are the 3 main types of hormones ?

Answer 8

1. homeostatic
2. gonadal
3. glucocorticoids

Question 9

Give an example of each type of hormone

Answer 9

1. homeostatic
   - mineralocorticoids
2. gonadal
   - estrogen and testosterone
3. glucocorticoids
   - cortisol