Chap 5 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 4 criteria for a neurotransmitter ?
A
- Must be produced in a neuron
- Will produce a response on some target
- the same response will occur when the transmitter is experimentally placed on the target
- Must have an excretory function
2
Q
What are the 4 steps of neurotransmission
A
- Synthesis
- Release
- Receptor action
- Inactivation
3
Q
What are 3 main types of neurotransmitters ?
A
- small-molecule
- Peptide
- Gaseous
4
Q
Describe the type 1 transmitters
A
- ACH, amines, amides, amino acids and purines
- examples include dopamine, norepinephrine, histamine, ATP, GABA
5
Q
Describe the transmitters types 2 and 3
A
Peptides: corticosteroids, opioids, stratings, gastrins etc
Gaseous: Nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide
6
Q
What are the 2 types of receptors ?
A
Ionotropic
- the ions of the cell (K+, Na+, Cl-), there will be channels for these ions to flow through
metabotropic
- no channels exist for the flow of these transmitters but have binding sites
7
Q
What are the 4 activating systems?
A
- Cholinergic
- Dopaminergic
- Noradrenergic
- Serotonergic
8
Q
Describe the cholinergic system
A
- responsible for maintaining attention and waking patterns as well as with memory
- ACh degeneration associated with Alzheimers disease, but there is research on the role of our diet in the abundance of this transmitter
9
Q
Describe the dopaminergic system
A
- largely responsible for motor movements, which is why it is highly influential in Parkinson’s disease and in schizophrenia
- also plays in role in addictive behaviors regarding food or drugs
10
Q
Describe the noradrenergic system
A
- highly influential in emotional and mood disorders like depression as well as disorders like ADHD
11
Q
Describe the serotonergic system
A
- Important for wakefulness and is usually used in treating depression
- Extreme levels of serotonin is associated with OCD
