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Theology > Chap 5 Vocab > Flashcards

Chap 5 Vocab Flashcards

0
Q

Conciliarism

A

Conciliarism: was a reform movement in the 14th, 15th and 16th century Catholic Church which held that supreme authority in the Church resided with an Ecumenical council, apart from, or even against, the pope.

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1
Q

Indulgences

A

Indulgences: a remission of the temporal punishment due to sins already forgiven by God.

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2
Q

Renaissance

A

Renaissance: a cultural rebirth that began in the late Middle Ages. The transitional period between the end of the Middle Ages and the start of the Modern Age

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3
Q

Humanism

A

Humanism: a philosophy that places an increased emphasis on the importance of the person.

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4
Q

Diet

A

“diet”: is a formal deliberative assembly-

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5
Q

Merit

A

MERIT: the reward a person receives from God for cooperating w/ his grace.

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6
Q

Predestination

A

Predestination: in the heretical sense, predestination is a belief that one’s actions are not only pre-known by God, they are also predetermined.

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7
Q

Divorce and marriage

A

Divorce & Marriage: The church teaches that a sacramental marriage between Christians in which there has been valid matrimonial consent & consummation is absolutely indissoluble except by death of one of the spouses.

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8
Q

The Protestant reformation

A

The Protestant Reformation: The great revolt against the Church that spread through Western Europe in the years following Martin Luther’s protest.

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9
Q

Babylonian Captivity of the Church:

A

Babylonian Captivity of the Church: Began when French King PHILIP IV, refused to obey Boniface VII & had him beaten & sentenced to death. Philip then manipulated the elections.

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10
Q

Clement V

A

Clement V: installed as Pope… & was the first to move the seat of power to Avignon.

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11
Q

Pope Gregory XI

A

Pope Gregory XI: moved the Papacy back to Rome (from France) & immediately died.

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12
Q

Urban VI

A

Urban VI: proposed reform, aided by St Bridget of Sweden & St Catherine of Siena (wanted seat in Rome).
the cardinals rejected him and called him a “false pope”.

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13
Q

Clement VII

A

Clement VII: the nephew of a French King, (French & Scottish supported). He is known as the antipope: not the true pope. He went back to Avignon and established his own papal court.

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14
Q

Council in Pisa Italy

A

Council in Pisa, Italy cardinals met to dethrone two rival popes and elect a new Pope… Alexander V… Who set up shop in Pisa, Italy.

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15
Q

Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Bohemia:

A

Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Bohemia: convoked the Council of Constance (Switzerland) to resolve the scandal.

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16
Q

Pope Gregory XII

A

Pope Gregory XII: (recognized by the Church as the legitimate Pope) sent legates to Constance to convoke the council formally (make it legitimate). He abdicated the papal throne of his own free will.
The council deposed all THREE popes.

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17
Q

Pope Martin V

A

Pope Martin V: eventually elected the cardinals & representatives from five different nations effectively ending the Great Schism of the West.

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18
Q

Council of Basel

A

Council of Basel: (convoked by Martin V before his death). Pope Eugene IV dissolved the council, but participants refused to leave. Eugene moved the council to Florence to discuss reunion with Greek Christians. Those who refused to assemble at the Pope’s new location deposed him & elected that last anti-Pope, Felix V. The council lingered until the anti-pope resigned…Papal Primacy was reestablished once & for all, triumphing over conciliarism.

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19
Q

Pope Pius II

A

Pope Pius II: formally condemned conciliarism in 1460 & threatened to excommunicate all who would appeal a general council over the Pope.

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20
Q

Pope Leo X

A

Pope Leo X : encouraged the laity to literally pay for their sins (and for those in purgatory) to help build Saint Peter’s Basilica.

21
Q

John Wyclif

A

John Wyclif: (1324-1384): severely criticized the financial policies of the Avignon papacy, attacked Papal authority, dismissed the validity of the hierarchy, the sacraments, and the priesthood.

22
Q

John Hus

A

John Hus: (1369-1415) taught Wyclif’s beliefs in Bohemia. Stressing the importance of preaching and the authority of the Bible. Denied the ultimate authority of the Pope in doctrinal

23
Q

Council of Ferrara-Florence

A

Council of Ferrara-Florence: (1438-1445) called by the Popes & the Eastern patriarchs’ desire to end the Eastern Schism… they lobbied for aid from West to combat Turkish Muslims.

24
Q

Bull of Reunion

A

Bull of Reunion: a short lived agreement between East & West … it was short-lived because Constantinople fell in 1453 and Byzantine Emperor was killed. “Second Rome” was NO MORE; renamed Istanbul.

25
Q

Girolamo Savonarola

A

Girolamo Savonarola: a Dominican monk, attempted moral reform of the citizens of Florence, but his overbearing personality turned him into an intolerable dictator & critic of the Pope which led his supporters to turn on him & burn him at the stake in 1498.

26
Q

Erasmus of Rotterdam

A

Erasmus of Rotterdam: (1536) produced a scholarly version of the Greek New Testament & wrote In Praise of Folly (poked fun @ superstitious & corrupt church leaders). He hoped to reform society, apply the Gospel to the political system & prod the church into self-renewal.

27
Q

Martin Luther

A

Martin Luther: born in 1483, began his adult life as a law student & he was the son of wealthy merchants… narrowly escaping a lightening storm, he vowed to enter a monastery. As a Monk, he was assigned to teach Moral Theology & Scripture in Wittenberg. Nailed 95 Theses to Church door in Wittenburg.

28
Q

Dominican Johann Tetzel

A

Dominican Johann Tetzel came to Germany selling his INDULGENCES saying “Another soul in Heaven springs when in the box a shilling rings”.

29
Q

Pope Leo X

A

Pope LEO X: excommunicated Luther for heresy

30
Q

Emperor Charles V

A

Emperor Charles V: declared Luther an outlaw.

31
Q

Papal Bull of Pope Leo X

A

Papal Bull of Pope Leo X: papacy found 41 proposed errors in 95 Theses…

32
Q

Imperial diet of worms

A

Imperial Diet of Worms: (Now Germany) Emperor Charles V & papal reps addressed Martin Luther and effects of Protestantism. Luther summoned to renounce heresy and reaffirm his faith. Luther’s answer “Here I stand, I can do no other”

33
Q

Edict of worms

A

Official condemned Luther and his followers

34
Q

Prince Fredrick

A

His Luther from the Papacy

35
Q

Huldrych Zwingli

A

Huldrych Zwingli: Swiss reformer who rejected the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist (symbolic presence only) and replaced the Mass with a memorial service commemorating the last supper.

36
Q

Conrad Grebel

A

Conrad Grebel: Anabaptists (RADICALS) who rejected the validity of infant baptism (rebaptizers)… Persecuted by Catholics & Protestants.

37
Q

John Calvin

A

John Calvin: Puritanism & Presbyterianism. French reformer w/ a Master’s Degree in Theo & Law who believed in the false doctrine of predestination and rejected the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist.

38
Q

John Knox

A

John Knox: Catholic priest who encountered Calvinism in England & began Presbyterianism in Scotland.

39
Q

Henry VII

A

Henry VII: can’t be called a REFORMER, because he only got involved when the Pope refused to divorce him from his wife Catherine of Aragon… she did not bear him a male heir. He wanted to marry Anne Boleyn…

40
Q

Mary Tudor

A

Mary Tudor : (child of Henry VII & Catherine of Aragon) tried to restore Catholicism through bloody means “Bloody Mary”. Executed +300 ppl. (failed to reinstate Catholicism in England)

41
Q

Elizabeth I

A

Elizabeth I: (child of Henry VII & Anne) established Anglican/Episcopal Church (RCC/Calvin/Luther) religion in England.

42
Q

The Fifth Lateran Council

A

The Fifth Lateran Council: was convoked by Pope Julius II & concluded by Pope Leo X, it reiterated a bull against the role of simony in papal elections & passed other reforms that called for Church renewal.

43
Q

Capuchins

A

Capuchins: an offshoot of the Franciscans revived the spirit of poverty & service.

44
Q

Theatines

A

Theatines: based on the idea that raising the spiritual level of the clergy was the key to reform.

45
Q

Ursuline Nuns

A

Ursuline nuns: (founded by St. Angela Merici, dedicated their lives to teaching girls & working among the sick & the poor.

46
Q

St Teresa of Avila

A

St Teresa of Avila: established the Carmelite order

47
Q

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella

A

King Ferdinand & Qn Isabella: were intent on making Catholicism the official state religion of Spain; they started the Spanish Inquisition with permission from Rome; cut out heretics.

48
Q

Cardinal Jimenez de Cisneros

A

Cardinal Jimenez de Cisneros: archbishop of Toledo & confessor to Qn Isabella who worked at Univ of Alcala

49
Q

St Ignatius of Loyola

A

St Ignatius of Loyola: (Society of Jesus) spent a year in prayer & mediation, then composed the Spiritual Exercises for Jesuits & lay people (still used today)…

Theology (14 decks)

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