Chap 4 A&P Muscular System Flashcards
Two main types of muscles
Voluntary and involuntary
Is skeletal muscle striated
Yes
Primary functions of the muscular system
Support
movement
protection
What is an antagonistic muscle
Move in opposite direction
Example
Bicep flexes tricep relaxes
What is endomysium
Wraps individual muscle fibers
What is paramesium
Wraps bundles of fibers together
What is epimysium and fascia
Wrap the entire muscle
What is the portion of muscle with muscle fibers
Gaster a.k.a. belly
endomysium, paramecium, epimysium and fascia all extend beyond Gaster of muscle to form the tendon
T or F
True
What delivers impulses to muscles to be able to have voluntarily control
Neuron
Each Barbara has a set of 4 to 20 right like filaments what are they known as
Myofibrils
What is cytoplasm in myofibrils referred to as
Sarcoplasm
What is scattered throughout the sarcoplasm that provides ATP
Mitochondria
What is a sarcomere
Smaller units of myofibrils
They are the functional units of skeletal muscle
The repetition of sarcomeres gift characteristics of striated appearance
True
True
What are the 2 myofilaments that a sarcomere is composed of that run parallel to each other
Myosin- thick
Actin - thin
When muscle contracts each myosin filament comes in contact with each other
T or F
True
Where do my oh send an acting filaments come together
Myosin heads
What is myoglobin
Reddish molecule that stores oxygen
What is cellular respiration
The process by which oxygen moves in and out of the cell
Why is read muscle often called slow muscle or oxidative muscle
Because of the reserve of oxygen supply in myoglobin
What is white muscle
A.k.a. fast muscle or glycolytic muscle because of the plentiful glycogen present
white muscle have very little or no myoglobin
T or F
True
In white muscle is ATP used up quickly because of little oxygen available for cellular respiration
Y or N
Yes
white muscle becomes quickly fatigued and more lactic acid buildup
Y or N
Yes
How is muscle contraction triggered
When they receive a nerve impulse called action potential
The nerve impulses conducted by neurons a.k.a. nerve cells
T or F
T
Motor neurons control skeletal muscle
T or F
T
What is a synapse
Small gap where there is functional connection communication between neurons and other cells through chemical reactions
What is the Arch
Neurotransmitter or acetycholine
What is the area where the muscle and the motor neuron connect known as
Neuromuscular junction
What neurotransmitter is released in the synapse for muscle contraction
Acetycholine
In all resting cells, what ion concentration is kept low by the process of active transport
Sodium
Which ion produces electrical activity within the skeletal muscle fibers
Sodium
Which compound breaks down acetycholine Thus stopping The communication at the neuromuscular junction
Acetycholinesterase
The muscle is at rest with the end of influx of which ions
Sodium and calcium
Do facial muscles attached to various bones of the head
Yes
Do facial muscles attach to the six muscles which move that Eye
No
What are the eyes stimulated by
The 7th cranial nerve
The six muscles which are responsible for eye-movement are stimulated by what cranial nerve
3rd cranial nerve ( occumulator nerve)
The muscle is responsible for pupil dilation is stimulated by which cranial nerve
2nd ( optic nerve)
Why do we examine the eyes and face muscles
We evaluate for stroke and certain toxin exposures
What nerve stimulates the diaphragm
Phrenic nerve
What muscle is responsible for the majority of movement of the chest wall during breathing
The diaphragm
Which muscles can you inject someone in
Deltoid Lateral quad ( vastus lateralis)
2 primary electrolytes involved in muscle contraction
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
calcium (Ca)
What is diffusion
Movement of molecules in and out of cell
