Chap 31- Altered Cardiac Fx

Question 1

Changes in Vital Signs due to altered cardiovasc fx

Answer 1

• Increase BP
• Increase in Pulse, Diminished/ absent pulse
• Increase in Heart Rate
• Increase Resp
  Everything is working harder to keep up w/ demands on the heart

Question 2

SKIN related changes due to altered cardiovasc fx

Answer 2

• Muke Mem (Cyanosis or Palor)
• Skin Temp (Cold, clammy due to decreased perfusion/circulation)
• Skin may be DARK RED or BLACK (due to lack of oxygen)
• Skin breakdown/ ulcers

Question 3

Decreased cardiac function means what for the heart?

Answer 3

heart cannot pump enough oxygen/blood to meet demands or body tissues

Question 4

red skin discoloration caused by hyperemia, or increased blood flow.

Answer 4

Rubor

Question 5

How can the skin look if there is Chronic poor perfusion to the area?

Answer 5

• No hair
• Discolored Skin
  -Thickened Nails
  -Shiny, dry skin

Question 6

What causes skin breakdown and ulcers that are NOT over bony prominences?

Answer 6

Chronic limited arterial flow

Question 7

What events indicate decreased cardiovasc fx?

Answer 7

• Decreased cardiac output
• Altered Blood flow
• Leaky Capillaries (contributes to edema)
• Venous Pooling (Limits venous return to heart, increase risks of thrombus)

Question 8

Contributing causes of decreased cardiac output?

Answer 8

-Muscle damage (From MI)
- Valve Dysfucntion
- Dysrhythmias/ Conduction problems
-Pulmonary Congestion
-Fluid Overload

Question 9

Syx that suggest inadequate tissue perfusion

Answer 9

Chest Pain
Cool, discolored skin
Change in cognition/confusion
Vital Sign Changes

Question 10

Pts who experience cognitive dysfunction/ confusion due to lack of blood flow to brain are likely experiencing ….

Answer 10

TIA or CVA (strokes )

Question 11

due to temporary lack of blood flow to brain, blood then flows normally. precursor that a CVA is likely to occur soon

Answer 11

Transient Ischemic Attack
TIA

Question 12

due to a clot or bleed in brain; serious medical condition that occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted for long enough to cause permanent damage

Answer 12

Cerebral Vascular Accident

Question 13

Stroke Screening Assessment

Answer 13

• LOC
  -CHange in Vision
  -Lose Movement on One side of body
• Sensation/Numbness
  -Language/ Speech Loss or Slurred speech

Question 14

dislodged thrombus/ clot aka

Answer 14

embolism

Question 15

a clinical test that involves dorsiflexing the foot while the knee is extended to check for pain behind the knee; this test is also NOT done anymore

Answer 15

Homans Test