Chap 3 Part 1

Question 1

What are the 2 main functions of Cartilage?

Answer 1

support and serves as a template for endochondral bone ossification

Question 2

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 2

hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage

Question 3

Which type of cartilage is primarily collagen II fibers?

Answer 3

hyaline

Question 4

Which type of cartilage is primarily elastic and collagen II?

Answer 4

elastic

Question 5

Which type of cartilage is primarily collagen I and some collagen II?

Answer 5

fibrocartilage

Question 6

What kind of cartilage is found in the the nasal cartilage?

Answer 6

hyaline

Question 7

What kind of cartilage is found in the epiglottis?

Answer 7

elastic

Question 8

What kind of cartilage is the pubic symphysis?

Answer 8

fibrocartilage

Question 9

What are the 4 main components of the ground substance of hyaline cartilage matrix?

Answer 9

aggrecans, hyaluronic Acid, other proteoglycans, and chondronectin

Question 10

What two things make up the matrix of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 10

ground substance and fibers (primarily Collagen II)

Question 11

What are aggrecans?

Answer 11

large molecules composed of proteins and sulfated GAGs

Question 12

What are the 3 types of cells associated with hyaline cartilage?

Answer 12

chondrogenic cells, chondroblasts, and chondrocytes

Question 13

Which cells associated with hyaline cartilage appear very narrow, are derived from mesenchyme cells and sometimes osteoprogenitor cells, undergo mitosis and function as a source of chondroblasts?

Answer 13

chondrogenic cells

Question 14

what do chondrogenic cells differentiate into?

Answer 14

chondroblasts or mature osteoprogenitors

Question 15

where are chondrogenic cells located?

Answer 15

chondrogenic perichondrium

Question 16

Which cells associated with hyaline cartilage differentiate into chondrocytes, produce the matrix, and have a lower nutrient requirement that allows them to be inactive for long periods of time?

Answer 16

chondroblasts

Question 17

Which cells associated with hyaline cartilage are rounder and larger, located interior to the perichondrium, do not differentiate, and function to maintain the matrix/prevent calcification?

Answer 17

chondrocyte

Question 18

which cell associated with hyaline cartilage probably does not undergo mitosis (but maybe)?

Answer 18

chondrocyte

Question 19

T/F: chondrocytes live within a lacuna and have a very high nutrient requirement.

Answer 19

False; they do live in a lacuna but have a very low nutrient requirement; sometimes they exist in isogenic groups

Question 20

Chondrocytes can sometimes secrete territorial matrix. How is territorial matrix different from regular matrix?

Answer 20

higher in GAGs and lower in fibers

Question 21

Where is the perichondrium? exceptions?

Answer 21

peripheral to cartilage; epiphyseal growth plates and articular cartilage

Question 22

What are the two parts of the perichondrium?

Answer 22

fibrous perichondrium and chondrogenic perichondrium

Question 23

What is the primary cell type of the fibrous perichondrium? primary fiber type?

Answer 23

fibroblast; collagen I

Question 24

T/F:fibrous perichondrium is avascular.

Answer 24

False; chondrogenic perichondrium is avascular

Question 25

T/F: Chondrogenic perichondrium is located between fibrous perichondrium and mature cartilage.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the primary cell type of chondrogenic perichondrium? primary fiber type?

Answer 26

chondrogenic cells and chondroblasts; collagen II

Question 27

What is perichondrium a source of and why is this important?

Answer 27

source of chondrogenic cells and chondroblasts which leads to more cells and matrix produced

Question 28

T/F: all original cartilage develops from embryonic mesenchyme tissue.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What begins with a grouping of rounded mesenchymal cells that can be called a chondrogenic nodule located towards the center of the developing tissue?

Answer 29

Interstitial Cartilage Growth

Question 30

Do chondroblasts divide within the chondrogenic nodule during interstitial cartilage growth?

Answer 30

yes

Question 31

What secretes matrix during interstitial cartilage growth?

Answer 31

chondroblasts

Question 32

What happens to secretion (during interstitial growth) after enough matrix concentrate or sets up?

Answer 32

secretion stops

Question 33

During interstitial cartilage growth: | What do chondrocytes develop from? When they divide what do they create? What kind of new matrix will they secrete?

Answer 33

chondroblasts; isogenous groups; territorial

Question 34

What is the stopping point of cartilage development?

Answer 34

chondrogenic perichondrium

Question 35

Where does interstitial cartilage growth take place?

Answer 35

epiphyseal growth plates, and articular cartilage