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CCNP Core > Chap 28 - Foundational Network Programmability Concepts > Flashcards

Chap 28 - Foundational Network Programmability Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

What are APIs?

A

Application Programming Interface - APIs are mechanisms used to communicate with applications and other software.

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2
Q

What is a Northbound API?

A

Northbound APIs are often used to communicate from a network controller to its management software.

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3
Q

What is a Southbound API?

A

Changes are pushed down to the individual devices by using a Southbound API.

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4
Q

What is a RESTful API?

A

RESTful APIs use HTTP methods to gather and manipulate data. Because there is a defined structure for how HTTP works, it offers a consistent way to interact with APIs from multiple vendors.

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5
Q

What are 5 HTTP functions used by REST?

A

* Get - requests data * Post - submits data * Put - replaces data * Patch - appends data * Delete - removes data

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6
Q

What is CRUD?

A

An acronym for Create - inserts data, Read - retrieves data, Update - modifies or replaces data, Delete - removes data. These all refer to actions taken in a database or application.

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7
Q

What is Postman?

A

Postman is an application that makes it possible to interact with APIs using a console-based approach. Postman allows for the use of various data types and formats to interact with REST-based APIs.

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8
Q

What are 2 of the most common data formats used with APIs?

A

* Extensible Markup Language (XML) * JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)

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9
Q

What are 6 HTTP Status Codes?

A

* 200 - ok * 201 - created * 400 - bad request * 401 - unauthorized * 403 - forbidden * 404 - not found

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10
Q

What format does DNA Center expect all incoming data from the REST API to be in?

A

JSON format

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11
Q

What HTTP function is used to send credentials to Cisco DNA Center?

A

HTTP POST function

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12
Q

What is Cisco DNA Center Token API used for?

A

To authenticate users

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13
Q

How long is the token you receive from DNA good until?

A

Only for the current session.

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14
Q

What type of http operation is performed to authenticate?

A

POST

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15
Q

What is a YANG Data Model?

A

YANG Data models describe whatever can be configured, monitored, all the administrative actions that can be executed, and all the notifications that the device is capable of generating.

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16
Q

What is NETCONF?

A

It is an IETF standard protocol that uses the YANG data models to communicate with the various devices on the network.

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17
Q

What protocols does NETCONF run over?

A

NETCONF runs over SSH, TLS, and (although not common), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP).

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18
Q

What are 2 differences between NETCONF and SNMP?

A

* SNMP can’t distinguish between configuration data and operational data, but NETCONF can * NETCONF uses paths to describe resources, whereas SNMP uses object identifiers (OIDs).

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19
Q

What are 2 things NETCONF can do?

A

* Collects status * Changes config * Takes administrative actions * Sends event notifications * Does backups and restores * Tests configurations before finalizing them

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20
Q

What are 7 characteristics about Transactions?

A

* All or nothing * No order or sequencing * Processed in same order every time * Run in parallel state * Have no impact on each other * Do not overwrite or interfere with each other * Do not impact each other if same transaction is run against multiple devices

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21
Q

What does NETCONF do when a TCP connection has been made?

A

* NETCONF exchanges information called capabilities * Capabilities tell the client what the device it’s connected to can do.

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22
Q

What are 5 common operations NETCONF can do?

A

* get * get-config * edit-config * copy-config * delete-config

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23
Q

What does NETCONF use to send information between hosts?

A

NETCONF uses Remote Procedure Call (RPC) messages in XML format to send the information between hosts.

24
Q

Where does NETCONF store information?

A

Information and configurations are stored in datastores. Datastores can be manipulated by using the 5 common NETCONF operations

25
Q

What is RESTCONF?

A

RESTCONF is used to programmatically interface with data defined in YANG models while also using the datastore concepts defined in NETCONF.

26
Q

What is the goal of RESTCONF?

A

RESTCONF’s goal is to provide a RESTful API experience while still leveraging the device abstraction capabilities provided by NETCONF.

27
Q

What data modeling does RESTCONF use?

A

RESTCONF uses the same YANG models as NETCONF

28
Q

What operations does RESTCONF use?

A

* GET * POST * PUT * DELETE * OPTIONS

29
Q

What structured data formats does RESTCONF use?

A

RESTCONF requests and responses can use either JSON or XML structured data formats.

30
Q

What are 5 tabs across the top of DEVNET webpage?

A

* Discover * Technologies * Community * Support * Events

31
Q

In Python scripts what marks the beginning and end of a multi-line string?

A

3 quotation marks begin and end a multiple-line string.

32
Q

In Python what does a # mean?

A

The # indicates a comment in a Python script.

33
Q

In XML what are the start and end tags?

A

* Start tag * End tag

34
Q

What is one of the key features of XML

A

It is readable by both humans and applications.

35
Q

What makes XML more readable?

A

Indentation, although not required, makes it much more readable.

36
Q

How does JSON store its information?

A

key/value pairs

37
Q

In JSON how can you tell the beginning and the end of an object?

A

Curly braces. Each object begins with a { and ends with a }

38
Q

In JSON how do the key/value pairs appear?

A

Each key and each value are in double quotes. Key is listed first Value last. The Key and Value are separated by a colon : * Key/Value pairs within an object are separated from each other by a comma ,

39
Q

In Python how do you do a multi-line string?

A

Begin with 3 double-quotes “”” and end with 3 double-quotes “””

40
Q

In Python what are 2 ways to create a function?

A

* def MY_FUNCTION () * print (dnac_devices)

41
Q

When using Postman to do an API call what 4 pieces of information do you need?

A

* The URL of the API * The type of HTTP operation * Headers Content-type key * The body must contain the username and password keys

42
Q

What are the 3 fundamental data structures in YANG?

A

* Container - encloses a list of child elements * Leaf - contains a value but no child elements * List

43
Q

How can you recognize a NETCONF element?

A

It will be an XML file and have ‘ at the end.

44
Q

In Python how do you create a logical ‘if’ function?

A

* if ENVIRONMENT_IN_USE == “sandbox” * The action taken if the ‘if’ statement is true will appear directly below it.

45
Q

What authentication method is used by DNA Center?

A

Basic authentication

46
Q

What are 3 purposes of the Repository in GitHub?

A

* Store a developers code * Option to share a developers code with other users * Provides documentation on code examples

47
Q

When using the Cisco vManage Authentication API, what is the Headers Content-Type that is used?

A

x-www-form-urlencoded

48
Q

When using the Cisco vManage Authentication API, what is the authentication that is used?

A

The body must contain keys with the j_username devnetuser and thej_password Cisco123!.

49
Q

What is the DevNet community page used for?

A

* To ask questions * To access DevNet Ambassadors and Evangelists

50
Q

What is this an example of:

< users >
< user >
< name > root name >
user >
< user >
< name > Jason name >
user >
< user >
< name > Jamie name >
user >
< user >
< name > Luke name >
user >
users

A

XML

51
Q

What is this an example of:

{
“user”: “root”,
“father”: “Jason”,
“mother”: “Jamie”,
“friend”: “Luke”
}

A

JSON

52
Q

What is this an example of:

list interface {
key “name”;
leaf name {
type string;
}
leaf speed {
type enumeration {
enum 10m;
enum 100m;
enum auto;
}
}
leaf observed-speed {
type uint32;
config false;
}
}

A

YANG output

53
Q

What is OnePK

A

A Cisco-proprietary API

54
Q

What is OpenFlow?

A

An imperative SDN model that is a standardized API that allows a controller to direct the forwarding functions of a switch through a secure channel.

55
Q

What is OpFlex?

A

A declarative SDN model that is an open and extensible policy protocol for transferring policy in XML or JSON between a network policy controller such as the Cisco APIC and any device.

CCNP Core (46 decks)

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