Chap 2 Powerpoint

Question 0

The atom describes the smallest part of the four substances of matter, which are:

Answer 0

Earth, water, fire, air

Question 1

Atom- what language is it derived from and what does it mean?

Answer 1

Greek and “indivisible.”

Question 2

The atoms is the smallest…

Answer 2

…unit of matter.

Question 3

Matter is…

Answer 3

…a mixture of substances.

Question 4

A substance is…

Answer 4

…material that has definite and constant composition.

Question 5

A mixture is:

Answer 5

Two or more substances (not chemically combined.)

Question 6

An element is:

Answer 6

A simple substance.

Question 7

A compound is:

Answer 7

A complex substance.

Question 8

The atom is the smallest particle of matter that has the properties of:

Answer 8

An element.

Question 9

How many naturally occurring elements are there?

Answer 9

92.

Question 10

How many known elements?

Answer 10

103

Question 11

The Periodic table of elements is:

Answer 11

An arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic mass in which a periodic repetition of similar chemical properties occur.

Question 13

How are elements in the same group similar and how is their placement in a particular group determined?

Answer 13

Elements within the same group chemically react in a similar fashion and have similar physical properties. Their grouping is determined by the placement of electrons in each atom.

Question 14

Who discovered electrons and when?

Answer 14

JJ Thomson (while studying properties of cathode rays) in 1890.

Question 15

Who discovered that the nucleus is positively charged and surrounded by negatively charged electrons and when?

Answer 15

Ernest Rutherford in 1911.

Question 16

Describe Bohr’s model (when was it developed?)

Answer 16

Resembles a mini solar system, contains a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons theta revolve in fixed, well-defined orbit about the nucleus. (1913)

Question 17

What are the fundamental particles of an atom?

Answer 17

the electron, the proton, and the neutron.

Question 18

What are the nucleons of an atom?

Answer 18

the proton and neutron.

Question 19

What is equal in the neutral atom?

Answer 19

the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 20

What is the main difference between protons and neutrons?

Answer 20

Electric charge (protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral.)

Question 21

The atom is in a constant vibrating motion due to:

Answer 21

the strong positive nuclear force field which is surrounded by negatively charged spinning and orbiting electrons.