Chap 2 Flashcards
Purpose of RRL
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- Find out connection of research to the current world
- To know more about theories/concepts
- To discover the relation of your study with previous research studies
- To obtain information
- To familiarize yourself with technical terms related to your research
Qualitative RRL
Traditional (open-ended and subjected questions)
Quantitative RRL
Systematic (Question-driven; objective)
Steps on making RRL
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- Clarify the research question
- Planning the research based on your understanding of the research questions
- Searching for literature
- Listing criteria for considering the values of written works
- Evaluating the quality of previous research studies.
- Summarizing the various forms of knowledge collected
Conceptual Framework is based on
SOP
It is a symbolic representation that helps the researcher to express abstract concepts and their relationships
Model
How to write conceptual Framework?
- Familiarize yourself with the objective of conceptual framework.
- Objectives should be aligned with conceptual framework
- Let others read your conceptual framework for comments and feedbacks
Fact-finding study with adequate and accurate information
Survey
Survey is also called…
Normative Survey
Used to collect demographic data
Survey
Advantages of Survey
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- Survey reveals what is typical, average or normal against which the behaviour or performance of an individual can be judged or evaluated.
- The results of a survey maybe used for prediction.
- Survey makes possible the formulation of generalizations because the sample has a high degree of representativeness.
- Survey reveals problems for which timely remedial may he instituted.
- It is easy to get respondents for a survey.
- The instruments for gathering the data are easy to determine, construct, validate and administer.
Types of survey
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Collection of data:
Main function of statistics:
Provide information
Objectives of collecting statistical information
- To describe the methods of collecting primary statistical information
- To consider the status involved in carrying out a survey
- To analyze the process involved in observation and interpretation
- To define and describe a sampling
- To analyze the basis of sampling
- To describe a variety of sampling methods
Tow types of data
Primary data and Secondary data
Primary data
Advantages and Disadvantages
Original; first-hand
More valid information (correct)
Costly
Secondary data
Advantage
Disadvantage
Second-hand data; available from other sources (internet, book, articles)
Inexpensive; easily accessible; immediately available; provide essential background and clarify research problem
Difference between questionnaire and survey
Questionnaire is an instrument for collecting data and almost always involve asking a given subject to respond to a set of oral/written questions
Survey is a process of gathering data that could involve a wide variety of data collection method including a questionnaire
Advantages of Questionnaire
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- Cost-efficient
- Practical
- Speedy-results
- Scalability
- You don’t need to be a scientist
- Scientific analysis and predictions
- User anonymity
- No pressure (no time limit)
- Cover all aspects of a topic
Disadvantages of a questionnaire
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- Dishonesty
- Lack of conscientious responses
- Different sets in understanding and interpretation
- Hard to convey feelings and emotions
- Some questions are difficult to analyze
- Respondents may have a hidden agenda
- Lack of personalization
- Skipped questions
- Accessibilty issues
Construction of a questionnaire
- Doing a library research
- Talking to a knowledgeable person
- Mastering the guidelines
- Writing the questionnaire
- Editing the questionnaire
- Rewriting the questionnaire
- Pre-testing the questionnaire
- Writing the questionnaire in its final form
