chap 18 Flashcards
what happen with glucose during exercise
low during exercise but high during recovery so at the end of the exercise
what happen with insulin during exercise
low intensity during exercise but peak at the end of exercise so high intensity at beginning of recovery
what happen with adrenalin and noradrenalin during exercise
low intensity during exercise but high intensity at end of it (beginning of recovery)
why at high intensity exercise our blood sugar increase ?
because of glucose production is 7-8x and muscle only utlizise 3-4x more so excess glucose
what is type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes isan impairment in the way the body regulates and uses glucose as a fuel. Too much sugar circulating in the bloodstream.
This long-term (chronic) condition.
What is type 2 diabetes caused by?
Insulin disorder
Insulin resistance
It’s often linked to being overweight or inactive, or having a family history of type 2 diabetes.
type 2 diabetes complication
Damage blood vessels, nerves and organs.
Even a mildly raised glucose level that doesn’t cause any symptoms can have long-term damaging effects.
people with an apple ratio have extra fat where
abdominal and carry greater risk of CHD and type 2 diabetes than pears shape
pear shape have fat where
extra fat around hip and thighs
what is arteriosclerosis
General term for thickening of the arterial wall and loss of elasticity of the artery (deterioration of elastic fibers
what is atherosclerosis
Accumulation of lipids in the inner lumen of a blood vessel
T/F obesity is associated with a decrease in cognitive function
T
T/F some obese individual seem to be protected from metabolic complications
T
T/F obesity risk increase in children in day care
The risk of obesity is 65% higher in children in daycare than in children who are cared for at home
T/F Obese individuals seem to have
fewer taste buds on their tongue
T
Which one as a higher energy expenditure between someone that has gain fat mass and someone that has not
gain
why obese individual have higher risk of fracture
Obese individual will usualy have higher bone density due to higher mechanical stress over the bone but more prone to have fracture because joint is less stable
T/F pollutant increase risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity
T
losing weight rapidly make your body go into
starvation -> metabolic rate decrease
T/F Obese people accumulate more
pollutants in their fat tissues than people of
normal weight
T
why resting metabolism lowered with weight loss
increase pollutant in the blood
what happen if you lose weight really fast
pollutant stay in organ and cause malfunction of organ
explain what happen during intensive weight loss with the pollutants
intensive weight loss -> increase pollutants in blood -> increase pollutant in liver, muscle,brain + decrease energy expenditure -> increase risk of weight gain -> increase risk of repetitive diets -> increase metabolic complication
how does low richness of microbiota increase risk of obesity
increase appetite and decrease use of lipid
what is probiotic
are live bacteria that modify the richness of the intestine so as to favor the presence of good bacteria, to the detriment of bad ones.
what is prebiotic
are dietary fiber (a carbohydrate). They promote the development and maintenance of probiotics, because the latter are the only ones who can use them for food. They allow probiotics to function optimally and have adequate growth.
conditions linked with obesity
type 2 diabete
hypertension
liver disease
reproductive disorder
heart disease
mood disorder
cancer risk
dyslipidemia
risk of CV disease according to waist circumference in men and women
men >94cm
women >80cm
what ozempic do
increase insulin sensitivy, increase insulin secretion, decrease glucagon secretion
