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EXCI 460 > chap 17 > Flashcards

chap 17 Flashcards

1
Q

which one btw carb,prot or fat cause insulin secretion as soon as it’s touch the tongue

A

glucose

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2
Q

where the glucose is digested

A

stomach and small intestine

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3
Q

where is glucose absorbed

A

mainly in small intestine

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4
Q

where is glucose stored

A

liver

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5
Q

what is glycogen

A

Glycogen is a substance made up of many glucose units and is a limited reserve of carbohydrates stored in the liver and in the muscles

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6
Q

T/F muscle glycogen is a primary energy source

A

T

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7
Q

explain glycolysis

A

isthe process in which glucose is broken down to produce energy

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8
Q

explain glycogenolysis

A

isthe biochemical pathway in which glycogen breaks down into glucose-1-phosphate and glucose

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9
Q

which glucose mechanism is responsible of glycogen production

A

glucogenesis

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10
Q

does lactic acid cause cramps

A

no

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11
Q

does lactic acid cause muscle soreness

A

no

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12
Q

is lactate a waste product

A

no
- Can be used for glycogenesis in the liver and kidneys.
- Can serve as a substrate for muscles, the heart, and the kidney

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13
Q

what is the end product of glycolysis

A

Lactate

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14
Q

what can lead to chronic cramp

A

previous injury

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15
Q

what is muscle soreness

A

muscular discomfort that occurs btw 12 and 14h after physical exertion

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16
Q

lactate is metabolized when

A
  • during passive recovery: approximately 1 hour and 30 minutes
  • during active recovery: 20 minutes
17
Q

Who am I ? It is an intermediate metabolite that can be used as an energy substrate during exertion and during recovery.

Its bad reputation is therefore not justified from a biochemical standpoint.

A

lactate

18
Q

what are the 2 pancreatic hormone responsible of blood sugar regulation

A

glucagon and insulin

19
Q

The two most abundant and prominent endocrine cell types, the beta and the alpha cells, areessential for

A

the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis.

20
Q

role of beta cell

A

produce insulin

21
Q

role of alpha cell

A

release glucagon

22
Q

what happen with glucose with high intensity exercise

A

high stress = increase glucose release

23
Q

how does stress during PA is measure

A

by adrenaline and noradrenaline

24
Q

The glycemic index (GI) isa scale that ranks a

A

carbohydrate-containing food or drink by how much it raises blood glucose after it is eaten or drank.

25
Q

what happen if you don’t secrete insulin

A

insulin reduce glucose in the body so if you don’t secrete insulin -> glucose will increase

26
Q

what happen when adrenaline and noradrenaline increase

A

body send a signal to create glucose to meet this demand

27
Q

explain glucose level during high intensity training

A

epinephrine + norepinephrine -> 16 fold -> liver glycogen is release -> 7-8 fold -> increase plasma glucose -> 3-4 fold -> muscle glucose uptake

28
Q

what is type 2 diabetes

A

Type 2 diabetes isan impairment in the way the body regulates and uses glucose as a fuel. Too much sugar circulating in the bloodstream.

This long-term (chronic) condition.

29
Q

type 2 diabete is caused by

A

Insulin disorder
Insulin resistance

It’s often linked to being overweight or inactive, or having a family history of type 2 diabetes.

30
Q

type 2 diabete complication

A

Damage blood vessels, nerves and organs.

Even a mildly raised glucose level that doesn’t cause any symptoms can have long-term damaging effects.

31
Q

why do you have increase thirst and urination with type 2 diabetes

A

When your kidneys can’t keep up, the excess glucose is excreted into your urine, dragging along fluids from your tissues, which makes you dehydrated.

This will usually leave you feeling thirsty. As you drink more fluids to quench your thirst, you’ll urinate even more.

32
Q

which glucose pathway is activate during exercise

A

glycogenolysis

33
Q

which glucose pathway is activate after a meal

A

glycogenesis

34
Q

what happen when you don’t have a good insulin sensitivity

A

insulin resistance result in too munch blood sugar, glucose is not redirected to muscle, fat and liver and accumulate in blood

EXCI 460 (10 decks)

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