chap 17 Flashcards
which one btw carb,prot or fat cause insulin secretion as soon as it’s touch the tongue
glucose
where the glucose is digested
stomach and small intestine
where is glucose absorbed
mainly in small intestine
where is glucose stored
liver
what is glycogen
Glycogen is a substance made up of many glucose units and is a limited reserve of carbohydrates stored in the liver and in the muscles
T/F muscle glycogen is a primary energy source
T
explain glycolysis
isthe process in which glucose is broken down to produce energy
explain glycogenolysis
isthe biochemical pathway in which glycogen breaks down into glucose-1-phosphate and glucose
which glucose mechanism is responsible of glycogen production
glucogenesis
does lactic acid cause cramps
no
does lactic acid cause muscle soreness
no
is lactate a waste product
no
- Can be used for glycogenesis in the liver and kidneys.
- Can serve as a substrate for muscles, the heart, and the kidney
what is the end product of glycolysis
Lactate
what can lead to chronic cramp
previous injury
what is muscle soreness
muscular discomfort that occurs btw 12 and 14h after physical exertion
lactate is metabolized when
- during passive recovery: approximately 1 hour and 30 minutes
- during active recovery: 20 minutes
Who am I ? It is an intermediate metabolite that can be used as an energy substrate during exertion and during recovery.
Its bad reputation is therefore not justified from a biochemical standpoint.
lactate
what are the 2 pancreatic hormone responsible of blood sugar regulation
glucagon and insulin
The two most abundant and prominent endocrine cell types, the beta and the alpha cells, areessential for
the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis.
role of beta cell
produce insulin
role of alpha cell
release glucagon
what happen with glucose with high intensity exercise
high stress = increase glucose release
how does stress during PA is measure
by adrenaline and noradrenaline
The glycemic index (GI) isa scale that ranks a
carbohydrate-containing food or drink by how much it raises blood glucose after it is eaten or drank.
what happen if you don’t secrete insulin
insulin reduce glucose in the body so if you don’t secrete insulin -> glucose will increase
what happen when adrenaline and noradrenaline increase
body send a signal to create glucose to meet this demand
explain glucose level during high intensity training
epinephrine + norepinephrine -> 16 fold -> liver glycogen is release -> 7-8 fold -> increase plasma glucose -> 3-4 fold -> muscle glucose uptake
what is type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes isan impairment in the way the body regulates and uses glucose as a fuel. Too much sugar circulating in the bloodstream.
This long-term (chronic) condition.
type 2 diabete is caused by
Insulin disorder
Insulin resistance
It’s often linked to being overweight or inactive, or having a family history of type 2 diabetes.
type 2 diabete complication
Damage blood vessels, nerves and organs.
Even a mildly raised glucose level that doesn’t cause any symptoms can have long-term damaging effects.
why do you have increase thirst and urination with type 2 diabetes
When your kidneys can’t keep up, the excess glucose is excreted into your urine, dragging along fluids from your tissues, which makes you dehydrated.
This will usually leave you feeling thirsty. As you drink more fluids to quench your thirst, you’ll urinate even more.
which glucose pathway is activate during exercise
glycogenolysis
which glucose pathway is activate after a meal
glycogenesis
what happen when you don’t have a good insulin sensitivity
insulin resistance result in too munch blood sugar, glucose is not redirected to muscle, fat and liver and accumulate in blood
