Chap 17 Flashcards
Stages of hypothermia
- Mild
- Moderate
- Severe
Mild- below 95.
Shivering, alert but confused
Moderate- 86-93.2
Not shivering drowsy
Severe- less than 86
Unresponsive, vital signs might be undetectable
Heat stroke
105 and higher
- altered mental
- skin hot
- skin slightly moist to dry
- rapid shallow breathing
- rapid pulse
- weakness, exhaustion and dizziness
- nausea and vomiting
- convulsions
Radiation
Heat is emitted into the environment
Conduction
Heat is transferred by contact
Convection
Heat transferred by air
Evaporation
Body heat loss when perspiration is changed from liquid to vapor
Respiration
Heat leaves the body with each breath
Frost bite
Significant exposure to cold temps below 32F.
Rewarm only if no chance of refreezing. Immerse in warm water 100f- 105f for 20-30mins. Don’t let body part touch side of container.
Dry and pad between fingers and toes, then cover and elevate
Jelly fish stings
Application Of vinegar (4% to 6% acidic acid solution) Over the injury so it will deactivate the needles that remain in the skin
For the relief of pain the injury site should be rinsed with hot water 113°F or as hot as can be tolerated by the patient
Mammalian diving reflex
When the face of a person or other mammal is submerged in cold water, the mammalian diving reflex slows down the body’s metabolism which results in a decrease in oxygen consumption. At the same time the reflex causes a redistribution of blood to more vital organs the heart brain alarms
Decompression sickness
Small bubbles of nitrogen gas form in the blood stream when a diver ascends to fast. These bubbles can form air embolisms that will obstruct blood flow wherever they form and cause severe pain and even death.
This is referred to as “the bends”. The onset of the bends is usually slow for scuba divers taking up the 48 hours to appear
