Chap 14 Flashcards
Adenohypophysis
Anterior pituitary gland
Adrenal gland
Endocrine gland that consists of an outer cortex and inner medulla. The cortex secretes steroids, and the medulla secretes catecholamines
Biorhythms
Rhythmic alterations in a hormone’s rate of secretion; circadian rhythm has a period of 24 hours
Catecholamines
Classification of hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla; includes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Endocrine glands
Ductless glands that secrete hormones, usually into the blood for transport throughout the body
Feedback control loops
A response within a system thy regulates further activity of the system; described as negative and positive feedback control
Hormone
Substance secreted by an endocrine gland into the blood
Hypothalamus
Part of the diencephalon that regulates the pituitary gland, autonomic nervous system, water balance, appetite, temperature, and emotions
Lock- and -key mechanism
A mechanism that is described as operating like a key that fits a lock; the lock is engaged only by the right key
Neurohypophysis
The posterior pituitary gland; secretes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
Organ - specific hormones
Hormones that are secreted by an organ such as the heart or kidneys
Pancreas
Organ that has both endocrine and exocrine functions. The islets of Langerhans secrete the hormones insulin and glucagon. The exocrine glands secrete the most important of the digestive system
Parathyroid gland
Gland that secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH) and helps regulate calcium and phosphate
Pineal gland
Small gland located in the brain; secretes melatonin and is involved in regulating biorhythms.
Receptor
Sensory structure that responds to a specific stimulus, such as light, chemicals, or touch
